Conquering Rajmachi: My Thrilling Trek to Twin Forts

Rajmachi Fort is an ancient and important strategically located hill fort in the state of Maharashtra in the western Indian region. Situated in the grand Sahyadri mountain ranges, this fort portrays immense scenic beauty, historical importance, and trekking potential. The Rajmachi Fort consists of two distinct parts: Shrivardhan Fort and Manaranjan Fort. It offers a heavenly view of the surrounding valleys and landscapes, so it attracts lovers of nature and adventure seekers alike as well as history buffs. It lies in the Sahyadri mountain range. The fort is on the Sahyadri Range of the Western Ghats and stands at 2,710 feet above sea level. Throughout history, the Sahyadris have been high, densely wooded, and very famous. Firstly, being an important point of interest, Rajmachi Fort is a good 15 kilometres from Lonavala. This means it is accessible via Mumbai and Pune for weekend trekking.

History of Rajmachi Fort

Pre-History of Rajmachi Fort When It Wasn't a Main Fort

The exact origins of Rajmachi Fort are somewhat unclear, with evidence suggesting that it was originally constructed by the local rulers to protect the surrounding areas and control the trade routes. The fort's strategic location, perched atop a hill in the Sahyadri range, made it an ideal spot for surveillance and defence. It was not a well-known fortress initially, but it must have been one of the earlier military outposts used by lesser kingdoms or chiefs before it received historical importance during the 17th century.

Association with the Maratha Empire

Rajmachi Fort has been significantly recognized under the reign of the Maratha Empire especially under Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Shivaji Maharaj who was a brilliant military mind saw the necessity for strong fortifications to safeguard the Western Ghats. Rajmachi formed the optimal asset in its location overlooking the Konkan coast and trade routes leading to Pune and other parts of the Maratha kingdom. The fort became a vital part of the defence network of the Maratha Empire.

Role of the Fort in the Maratha Wars

During the Maratha Wars, Rajmachi Fort played an important role in controlling movements and defending the kingdom from external threats. In particular, it was a crucial outpost in the face of both Mughal and British advances. The fort's high elevation allowed it to monitor enemy movements, and its fortifications made it a resilient base. During the Anglo-Maratha Wars in the 18th century, Rajmachi Fort, like many other Maratha forts, was involved in several military engagements. The fort was used to maintain communication and supply routes between different regions of the Maratha Empire.

Strategic Importance During the 17th Century

During the 17th century, the Marathas, who used it to ensure protection regarding the protection of the empire by Shivaji Maharaj against the Mughal Empire, established this very crucial position on Rajmachi Fort. In the backdrop, it overlooks the Konkan region as well as all those roads approaching Sahyadri ranges. Being near the main towns of Lonavala and Karjat, it was a point to be secured for the northwestern passage to the Maratha kingdom and securing trade routes passing through the Western Ghats. Hence it was not merely a fort but a center for military intelligence and defense.

How to Reach

• By Road: Rajmachi Fort is accessible by road from Lonavala and Karjat. 45 minutes from Lonavala via Lonavala- Karjat Road takes one to reach the fort. If coming from Mumbai or Pune, it is possible to come by car or train to Lonavala and then by taxi or a private vehicle to the base of the fort.

• Trekking Routes: The most common way to reach Rajmachi Fort is by trekking. There are several trekking routes, but the two main ones start from Lonavala and Karjat. The Lonavala route is around 6-7 kilometres long and is the more commonly used trail. The Karjat route is a bit longer and passes through dense forests and rugged terrain. Both routes offer great views, especially during the monsoon season.

• Transport Options: If you do not want to trek, you can hire a jeep from Lonavala to reach the base of the fort. There are jeeps available in the local area that can be hired for easy and comfortable transportation to the base of the fort.

Best Time to Visit and Seasonal Considerations

This time can be classified as winter from October to February and the wet season from June to September is considered to be the best time to visit the Rajmachi Fort.

• Winter (October-February): This is the best time for the Rajmachi fort trek. Climate conditions are cool and quite pleasing for engaging in outdoor events and exploration with clear skies as well as lower temperatures that do not allow less visibility.

• Monsoon (June to September): Rajmachi Fort is particularly beautiful in monsoons when it is all greenish, having several waterfalls and a land covered by mist. The downpour becomes hazardous, as tracks become slippery and landslide-prone. Therefore, trekking during monsoons is quite an adventure but risky without good gear and caution.

• Summer (March to May): It is relatively hot during the summer months, and the terrain dries up making the hike a bit hard. It's not a great time to visit because of heat and also no water along trails.

The Trek to Rajmachi Fort

• Detailed Description of the Different Trekking Routes (From Lonavala, Karjat, etc.)

• There are many trekking routes through which one can reach Rajmachi Fort, and the most popular ones are Lonavala and Karjat, both of which are well connected by road and rail. Here's a look at the primary trekking routes:

From Lonavala:

• Route Overview: This is one of the most popular trekking routes to Rajmachi Fort. Beginning from Lonavala, one moves towards Bhivpuri, where the trek to the fort starts. The path from Lonavala is a gentle climb through thick forests and rock terrains and, at various points, it passes through small streams and waterfalls.

• Duration: The trek from Lonavala to Rajmachi usually takes 4-5 hours.

• Highlights: The trek offers views of lush greenery, several scenic waterfalls, and expansive valleys. It also crosses Della Adventure Park, adding an adventure element to the trek.

From Karjat:

• Route Overview: The trek from Karjat is another well-known route to Rajmachi Fort. It is slightly more challenging than the Lonavala route, involving steeper ascents through forests and rocky patches. The Karjat trek is often considered a more remote and quieter experience.

• Duration: It takes around 5 to 6 hours to reach the fort from Karjat.

• Highlights: This route passes through dense forests, and trekkers can enjoy the peacefulness of the journey. The terrain is slightly more rugged, but the sense of accomplishment upon reaching the top is rewarding.

From Udhewadi Village (Base Village):

• Route Overview: A relatively easier and more direct route starts from Udhewadi, a small village at the base of Rajmachi Fort. The trek from Udhewadi is more straightforward, taking trekkers through farm fields and rocky paths leading to the fort's gates.

• Duration: This trek is relatively short, taking about 2 to 3 hours to complete.

• Highlights: This route offers an opportunity to interact with the local villagers and experience their lifestyle while trekking. It’s also a good route for beginners or those looking for a shorter hike.

Difficulty Level of the Trek and Duration

The difficulty level of the trek to Rajmachi Fort varies based on the route taken, but generally, it can be considered moderate. Lonavala and Karjat routes are more lengthy and steep, with a lot of rocky terrain, which makes them moderately challenging. Udhewadi is easier and more suitable for first-timers or familiess

•  Lonavala Route: Moderate to Challenging, 4-5 hours.

•  Karjat Route: Moderate to Challenging, it takes around 5-6 hours.

• Udhewadi Route: Easy to Moderate, it takes 2-3 hours.

All the routes promise a rewarding experience for adventurers who have prepared themselves for the same. According to the preferred level of difficulty, one can always choose the route suitable for one's skills and stamina.

Tips to Reach Rajmachi While Trekking

• Start Early: Since you would have to cross under the sun during the entire trek, make sure to start it early in the morning. You will then be able to enjoy the cool climate and sunrise as well.

• Carry Sufficient Water: The time duration and exertion level are huge, so you will need to stay hydrated. Take enough water along with you, especially during the warmer months.

• Don Comfortable Shoe Wear: Because the terrain tends to be somewhat rocky and untamed, your footwear must support your steps since the terrain won't be conducive for walking lightly.

• Pack light: Pack minimum stuff such as water, nuts, and your first aid bag. Make the backpack light; the journey won't be unbearable.

• Check Weather Conditions: The weather may change without any prior intimation, especially during the monsoon season. Check the weather forecast before stepping out and prepare for rain during the rainy season.

• Trek with a Guide (If Unfamiliar): If you are not familiar with the trails, then you can consider trekking with a local guide as they know the best routes and will enhance your trekking experience.

• Be Aware of Wildlife: The forested areas around the fort are beautiful, but they are also home to various wildlife. Always keep a safe distance and avoid disturbing animals.

Wildlife Spotting: Birds, Animals, and Insects Around the Fort

This is an ideal spot to view Rajmachi Fort for all wildlife and bird watchers out here. You have birds ranging from very common to extremely rare types. Along with this, if you are lucky enough, many species of animals and insects find shelter in the denser parts of the forest.

 Bird watching:

• The species range from the birds of India peafowl to grey hornbills, Common Woodshrikes, Indian swiftlets, to Oriental turtle-doves, while the Indian vultures, kingfishers, and parakeets find habitats in forest canopy.

•  Migration seasons have many migratory species such as Brahminy kites and white-eyed buzzards found in this region, which are the additional biodiversity of the avifauna species.

• Woodpeckers, warblers, and sunbirds are many species that have made the forest so attractive for all bird lovers.

Animals and Mammals:

• As aforementioned, Leopard, Wild boar, Jackal, and Barking deer were commonly seen in the neighbourhoods of Rajmachi. The same could sometimes be seen, with lots of patience and luck.

• The general health index of the ecosystem of the area is therefore achieved.

• Sambar Deer and Langur monkeys are often seen around the bottom of the fort and the silly banter between them makes the surroundings all the more beautiful.

• Snakes such as Indian Cobra and Russell's Viper often thrive in the secluded rocky areas, so the trekkers should be quite watchful.

Insects and Butterflies:

• A spectacular variety of insects arrives in the monsoon season in Rajmachi. Darkness brings up fireflies in many spots, making it seem almost magical within the wooded tracts.

• Butterflies of Common Bluebottle, Common Tiger and Painted Lady flutter across pathways and add splashes of colour to the journey.

•  The dense forest and the presence of water sources make Rajmachi Fort an ideal place for the flourishing of various insect species, which play an important role in the ecosystem by aiding in pollination and soil aeration.

Attractions Around

• Kondana Caves: History and Significance: They are located around 10 kilometres from Rajmachi Fort. So, they could be accessed equally by enthusiasts of history and trekkers. The Kondana Caves are rock-cut Buddhist temples dating back from the 1st century BCE to the 3rd century CE. This place is popular for having a wide range of beautiful carvings and sculptures that describe the life of the Buddha. The caves are located in the Kondana valley and are dispersed over several hills.

• Bhivpuri Waterfalls and Other Close Places for Trekking: The Bhivpuri Waterfalls is another beautiful water attraction close to Rajmachi Fort. It is located close to Bhivpuri town. Among the most popular day trip spots, this is one of the most exciting places to visit during monsoon. Water cascades down from a height of about 100 feet under dense green cover and creates refreshing air around.

• Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary: A natural park with various types of trails that allow trekking and bird or wildlife watching.

• Sudhagad Fort: A thick forest-covered fort with a more or less relatively easy trek providing some great landscapes.

• Kataldhar Waterfall: A secret waterfall near Lonavala to trek and enjoy nature, These trek points along with various waterfalls located in the vicinity make the territory an adventurer's paradise. From nature walks and waterfall treks to mountain treks, whatever your interest could be, it is all waiting for you in the Rajmachi region's surroundings.

The Rajmachi Fort reaches here.

It lies in the Sahyadri mountain range and is close to Lonavala, Maharashtra. The fort can be accessed with all transport; roads, railways, and treks are easy.

From Mumbai:

• Distance: 80 km or 2-3 hours via car

• Mumbai-By Road: Pune Expressway. Come out at Lonavala. From Lonavala follow the Rajmachi village road to reach to the base of the fort, the road is well maintained and can be done by car also by bike,

From Pune:

• Around 60 Km (about 2 hours via car).

• Drive along the Mumbai-Pune Expressway; exit at Kamshet.

• Drive from Kamshet to Rajmachi village. The road to Rajmachi is reasonably accessible by car, although do check the road conditions, particularly during the monsoon.

From Lonavala:

•  Distance: About 15 kilometres (1–2 hours by car).

• The road from Lonavala to Rajmachi is marked. You can go to Karla or Bhivpuri, and the trek route starts from there.

• By Road, road conditions vary; better to have a good car

By Train

• From Mumbai

  Approx 80 km from Mumbai to Lonavala station, There are trains at an approximate time difference between Mumbai to Lonavala; when you reach Lonavala station, you can use either of the taxis or the local transports up to base village Rajmachi.

• From Pune

  Approx 60 km from Pune to Lonavala station. Trains from Pune to Lonavala are very well connected. Once you reach Lonavala station, you can take a taxi or continue by road to Rajmachi.

Best Time to Visit:

• The best time to visit Rajmachi Fort is from October to March when the weather is pleasant and ideal for trekking.

• Monsoon is another popular season, as the fort and its surroundings are full of greenery, but the trekkers may find it slippery and hard to trek.

• Summer months can be quite hot, so one should visit during early morning or late afternoon.