40 Best Trekking Places Near Bangalore In 2025

1. Nandi Hills

STORY/HISTORY OF NANDI HILLS:

Nandi Hills was developed by the Ganga Dynasty in the 11th century. It was also used by Tipu Sultan as a summer retreat. Nandidurga was traditionally held impregnable, and its storming by the army of Cornwallis on 19 October 1791 was one of the most notable incidents of the first war against Tipu Sultan of Mysore. A description of the siege is given in Browne's History of Scotland and the records of the 71st Highlanders. It later became a retreat for British Raj officials during the hot season. Francis Cunningham built the summer residence here for Sir Mark Cubbon. The climate at the top of the hill made it of interest to horticulturists. Several species of plant were introduced into an experimental garden. Firminger's manual notes that several species of Anona were grown in this garden and also notes the peculiarity of Hypericum mysorense.

Potato cultivation was introduced for the first time in the neighbourhood of Bangalore by Colonel Cuppage and continued by the botanist Benjamin Heyne. Heyne brought seeds from St. Helena, and these grew well enough that they were supplied in Madras and preferred to those obtained from Bengal. In 1860, Hugh Cleghorn tried tea plants on Nandi Hills. There are many stories about the origin of the name Nandi Hills. During the Chola period, Nandi Hills was called Anandagiri, meaning The Hill of Happiness. It is also perhaps called Nandi Hills because the hills resemble a sleeping bull. Another theory holds that the hill gets its name from an ancient 1300-year-old Dravidian-style temple and from the Nandi (bull) statue situated on this hill.

WHY IS NANDI HILLS FAMOUS FOR:

Nandi Hills is a destination for hiking and trekking for beginners to intermediate level. Trails in the area include a staircase-based trekking path that starts near Sultanpet village. As of March 2022, visitors require prior District administration passes to visit Nandi Hills on weekends to manage parking and reduce overcrowding on the hill station. Only 1,000 two-wheelers and 300 light motor vehicles parking are allowed on the hill station. Passes can be purchased at the Ticket counter at the base of the hill station or through the KSTDC website. Earlier, Nandi Hills was closed due to Covid restrictions.

The vegetation of the hills is typical of high hills. Inside the fort at the summit, many of the large trees are planted with exotics such as Eucalyptus, and the undergrowth consists of Coffea arabica along with some native species. The forest acts as a substrate for cloud condensation, and every morning, the trees are covered in water. This allows for many moist forest species of plants and animals.

The hills are very rich in birdlife, making them a popular location for birdwatchers and bird photographers. The evergreen forest patch on top of the hill is a favoured wintering location for many migrant species of warblers, flycatchers, and thrushes. The forest patch is also home to a relict population of the Nilgiri woodpigeon. A breeding pair of shaheen falcon, the resident race of the peregrine falcon, is also often seen at the Nandi Hills. The Malabar whistling thrush, Uropeltid snakes, and pill millipedes, which are otherwise known only from the Western Ghats ranges, are also found here. The hill slopes are the home of the yellow-throated bulbul, a species endemic to the hills of peninsular India.

ENTRY FEE AND TIMING:

• Entry fee: free

• Timing: 5:00 AM TO 5:00 PM

How to Reach:

• By Bus: Public buses are available from Bengaluru to Nandi Hills. KSRTC operates buses from Kempegowda Bus Station (Majestic) to Nandi Hills. The time taken by bus would take around 2 to 3 hours, depending on the traffic. It is an extremely cheap mode of travel, and for a tourist who would want comfort and hassle-free travelling

• By Train: No direct train is available to Nandi Hills. The nearest big railway station where one could board a train is Devanahalli, which is Bengaluru City Railway Station. It is about 10 km from Nandi Hills. The taxi or take a local bus to the hills from there. It takes around 1.5 hours on a train journey, and if you hire a taxi or take a local bus from Devanahalli to Nandi Hills, it would take some 20-30 minutes.

• By Air: Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru: This airport is 30 km from the point of location. From there, you can reach Nandi Hills by taking a taxi or catching a bus. Depending on the traffic, driving by car will take about 1 to 1.5 hours.

• By Car: The most convenient and popular mode of reaching Nandi Hills is by private car. It will take nearly 1.5 hours to 2 hours to reach Nandi Hills from Bengaluru by car. You can take NH 44 via Devanahalli around 60 km before the road becomes fine with picturesque views. A car can take you to the summit or park at the base, and then you can trek up. 

2. Ramadevara Betta

Ramadevara Betta, though an important hill in the beautiful terrain of Ramanagara, Karnataka, is prayed not only for its aesthetic excellence but for its historical and spiritual significance. It has been an ancient hillock and oftentimes was referred to as Ramagiri. No wonder it beckons history enthusiasts, trekkers, and spiritual enthusiasts alike. Ramadevarabetta Vulture Sanctuary: This is a bird sanctuary in Karnataka, India, which serves the purpose of protecting vultures. It was established in 2012 and is said to be India's first Vulture Sanctuary. Of the nine species of vultures recorded in India, three species, long-billed, Egyptian, and white-backed vultures, are noted here. In 2018, the Indian government declared an area of 1.30 meters to 1.80 km from the boundary of the sanctuary as an eco-sensitive zone (ESZ). The entire eco-sensitive zone area is 7.08 km

Vultures have long inhabited the hills of Ramanagara. Environmental activists and bird enthusiasts started raising their voices to have the site declared a sanctuary as there has been an alarming decline in the population of vultures. The outcome was that the Ramadevarabetta Vulture Sanctuary was officially established in 2012 as the first and only Vulture Sanctuary in India. Out of the nine species, three species of long-billed, Egyptian, and white-backed vultures are extant in Ramanagara. As many as five long-billed vultures and 25 Egyptian vultures alone are said to exist in the Ramadevarabetta sanctuary in 2020. Biodiversity rich features butterflies, bees, birds, bats, spiders, and snakes, Ramadevarabetta Vulture Sanctuary.

As a secondary outcome, the vultures bred in Ramadevarabetta more due to the larger availability of silk pupae and poultry waste in the surrounding regions. It has been well documented that the population number of Indian vultures Long-billed decreased by 97 per cent as well, and that of the Egyptian vultures decreased by 99 per cent, according to several research works. The new research has further unveiled that the massive crowds thronging the Ramdevara Temple in the sanctuary, as well as trekkers and bikers, are interfering with the raptors' breeding.

Ramadevara Betta is a site of history. It was the strategic viewpoint of many rulers, from the great Vijayanagara Empire to the mythical chieftain Kempegowda. The hill disfigures several ancient temples, ruins, and inscriptions with glimpses of a historical past in this region. This was an important place for them because of the commanding view it provided of the surroundings, ideally useful for military and defence purposes. One of the most interesting stories related to this place is how Lord Rama killed Kakasura, who is the crow demon and also the son of Lord Indra, by means of an arrow made of a blade of grass, dharbhe hull when it was troubling Sita Matha. Lastly, the other gods refused to help, and Kakasura sought refuge and pleaded for forgiveness from Lord Rama. It is said that no crows have ever been seen around this place as Lord Rama rescued him from the form given for a curse of becoming a crow.

Ramadevara Betta has ancient temples of Lord Rama and Lakshmana on the hill. The facets of the temple display the artive excellence of bygone epochs and are specifically renowned for exquisite carvings and architectural expression. Shrines are a part of religious centres as well as historical monuments and attract devotees and history enthusiasts. It is a very beautiful place to walk up for tourists. Climbing up is moderately easy with a clear-cut route.

The vista of the landscape, ranging from rolling hills to green meadows and neighbouring villages, can be seen from the top. On top lies the Ramadevara Temple, which was constructed as a worshipping temple of Lord Rama. The temple is small but very beautiful and considered sacred by the people. This hill is a part of the Ramayana, and according to local lore, he meditated here during his exile. Flora and fauna in and around the area of Ramadevara Betta are rich. The hill, being part of the Deccan Plateau, forms dry deciduous as well as thorny scrub forests. It's very popular for bird watching, as many species of birds inhabit the place.

Ramadevara Betta is also known as one of the shooting locations of the cult Bollywood film "Sholay" The arid landscapes and sceneries here were where some of the most iconic sequences of that film were shot. Also, this is one of the noted trekking places near Bangalore, which can be visited both in the daytime and at nighttime. Trekking up on the hill and experiencing the night of a full moon is one of the adventurous things that you can do at Ramadevara Betta. Climbing to the top of the mountain, the display of natural beauty around you will be an enchantment to cherish!

BEST TIME TO VISIT :

Ramadevara Betta, the best time to visit is between April and June and between November and March. The weather is relatively very friendly during these periods, and the atmosphere becomes a beautiful vignette of ambient colours. The top of the hill experiences the rainy season between the months of July and October, so one must avoid visiting Ramadevara betta during these times.

TIPS FOR VISITING RAMADEVARA BETTA

The best season to visit Ramadevara betta is outside of the monsoon season, when wet roads and slippery trails make one's movement very tiresome and difficult to stay afoot, and the terrain sometimes becomes a big problem to traverse.

Always carry adequate water to prevent dehydration incidents. Ensure you wear comfortable clothes and footwear to avoid unease. Since the trek is pretty lengthy, get physically fit before the trek. A couple of days before the trek, some exercising and stretching can be done, and that will come in handy. A night trek should basically make sure you have sufficient torches and batteries, which will be handy.

HOW TO REACH

Nearest Railway Station: Ramanagara Railway Station, which is about 6 km to the hill. Reach from Bangalore: You may take a train from Bangalore City Railway Station (SBC) or Yesvantpur to Ramanagara. From Ramanagara, an auto-rickshaw or a local taxi will take you to the hill. Bus: Catch a bus from Kochi-Bangalore Road or Majestic Bus Station in Bangalore to Ramanagara.

From Ramanagara, an auto-rickshaw or a local taxi can be hired to reach Ramadevara Betta.

Kempegowda International Airport BLR, Bangalore International Airport is the major international airport. Buses and other rental cars could cover this distance.

3. Makalidurga

Makalidurga is a hill 60 km from the capital of Karnataka, the city of Bengaluru. This hill is about 1,117 meters on ground level and has, in some respects, a view with forests and lakes placed at its back side. Having its historical importance during the ancient days, Makalidurga has been proved to be at a strategic location; eventually, in the time of Cholas' rule, it contributed greatly as a vital part during the time of the reign of the Vijayanagar Empire too.

Quite literally, it is two words: "Makalidurga." "Makali" is the Kannada word for "mother," and "Durga" means either a "fortress" or "hill." There are various legends surrounding this hill; one of the most notable is that it connects a goddess named Makali to a form of Durga, which was believed to protect the area and people living there. There is a historical factor of the hill as there was fortification by the Vijayanagar kings in this place. That, according to most of them, was taken to be one of the strongholds of the Vijayanagar kings during their reign. Though now it has only remained of the fort, that at the top can still be seen to add some flavour and mysticism to this site.

How to Reach:

It lies on the foothills of the Nandi Hills range. This means it is an extremely accessible and easy place for all those lovers of nature and adventurers, too. The nearest town from Doddaballapur and Makalidurga, and its name happens to be a railway station which is well connected with roadways from Bengaluru too.

• Road: From Bengaluru to Makalidurga via NH44, which will take about 1.5 to 2 hours if one travels using his car or even hire a taxi.

• Train: The railway station of Makalidurga connects this town with the other cities and towns nearby Bengaluru; it will only take a drive of around 10 minutes from the train station to the resort

• Air: The international airport is the Kempegowda International Airport in the area, some 60 km from Makalidurga.

Best Time to Visit

One such place is Makalidurga, which can be visited all year round but depends upon what one wants to do. The resort near Bangalore, the Makalidurga, would be a good option,

• Winter (Oct to March): It happens to be the best season of the year to see Makalidurga, for once the trekkers are done, the climate will be cool. Outdoors with a fantastic time to sightsee outdoors. The temperature ranges are between 15°C to 30°C, friendlier for trekking to appreciate nature's beauty.

• Monsoon (June to September): Monsoons increase a lot of greenness around and make the beauty of the landscape even more pronounced. However, trekking during such periods is also risky because the paths will start getting slippery and large rains will be present in the environment. This could be liked by those fond of the ambience of the monsoon and by lovers of the soothing beauty of drizzled hills.

• Summer time (April to June): Summers could be scorching dry when compared to the temperature, which may shoot very high up to 35°. This is certainly not the best time to venture into trekking, but if you like to enjoy yourself alone in the resorts in peak seasons, this will be a good retreat, silent and quiet.

Things To Do at Makalidurga

The Makalidurga a resort near Bangalore has loads of activities based on the interest areas, so the place welcome does not only extend to families but to all those in search of some adventure.

1. Trekking

One of the major attractions of this destination is the trek to the summit of Makalidurga Hill. The Makalidurga trek is considered to be a medium one and takes 2-3 hours to reach the top. Marked trails are used. It has rocky terrain, dense forest, and scenic view sight along with it. You can enjoy, in return, several types of wildlife but peacefully be able to inhale nature. It has a quite spectacular view from the top, along with remnants of the ancient fort. Panoramic views all around the hills with rich green valleys below are being enjoyed.

This is the favourite hike among nature lovers and adventure seekers. The rocky surface and boulders make this hike exciting to the extent of rewarding. Excellent place for photography, with sunrise and sunset.

2. Bird Watching

The area around Makalidurga has quite a few species of birds, and to the visitors, bird watching has become one of the favourite pastimes. Several species from the forests and peripherals also migrate into the premises. Early morning treks will be the best time for the observation of species such as Indian Peafowl, Indian Roller, different species of cuckoos, eagles, vultures, etc.,

3. Camping

For adventure-loving people, camping here at Makalidurga is the best option available. The resort keeps very well-maintained campsites with tents and all the camping equipment. Over-night experience provides an opportunity for catching cool evening winds amidst a bonfire and viewing stars in the skies above it. It is even suitable for family and for groups of friends for people travelling alone.

4. Cycling

The region is gaining quite a popularity in yet another sport, cycling. Scenic routes of roads towards Makalidurga offer minimal traffic and are quite a great thing for cyclists to ride. The cool climate that comes along with rugged terrains excites the experience as an exciting way around.

5. Fishing and Boating

Makalidurga Lake is very silent. It is at the bottom of the hill. There is a place where one may find some time to fish or boat alone and in silence for a perfect time with nature. The resort provides them with the essential equipment and guides for it; all amateur fishermen are welcome since here they are going to learn their skills, which shall indeed be learned and, for the children's part, learnt as well in life.

6. Trekking/ Nature Walk

For nature lovers who take pleasure in trekking miles away, guided nature walks are organized by the dense forest flanking the hill station at Makalidurga Resort. The treks like these allow people to take acquaintance with medicinal plants and trees around and also to acquire knowledge about the history and geography of the place.

Resort Stay and Facilities Available

The Makalidurga Resort has been planned in such a way that comfort and luxury will find space in nature. The resort provides accommodation with facilities to all types of guests.

4. Kudremukh

Some tribes had settled in the region of Kudremukh before the British conquest and the systems of proper government. All of them, in one way or the other, have added to the cultural and historical input that characterizes the area today. The Western Ghats, where the Kudremukh lies, has long been an important cultural region to the natives.

The earliest settlers were believed to be the native Siddi and Gond tribes in the dense forest region. The Siddi tribe, which is said to have an African origin, was brought here by the Portuguese colonizer. They settled within the Western Ghats region of India and became a vital component of the Indian culture. Even today they can be seen in the region of Kudremukh. They live in harmony with their surroundings, subsist off the forest for sustenance, and follow long-held customs that are all land-based.

Generally, these tribes had few interactions with other regions or authorities since such natives respected the native environment by living by its cycle of time. But, through colonization, more so by the British in due course, the influences of changes outside also entered into such indigenous tribes. This was the transition phase for the Western Ghats as it was undergoing a transformation during British rule. The land was biodiverse, which brought a point of interest for the British authorities and colonisation for commercial purposes. In this regard, the Western Ghats began by opening a plantation for tea, coffee, cardamom, etc., clearing the forests that have affected not only its natural habitat but also its native tribes.

For Kudremukh, it was only at the end of the 19th century that colonial influence began to gather momentum. The British also sought to explore the rich mineral resources available in the area. Among those minerals was iron ore; thus, it was after this exploration into the mineral wealth of the region that it became imperative to look at finding iron ore deposits for Kudremukh. All this eventually culminated in industrialization.

Iron Ore Mining and Industrialization

The second significant period of Kudremukh's history began in the mid-20th century when the mining industry was established. In 1976, the KIOCL Company Limited was formed, and it emerged as the most ambitious industrial venture in that area. The major activities of this company were the extraction of iron ore from the Kudremukh mountain ranges for further processing and export. The mining operations were very intense, full-scale digging was carried out, and the landscape was changed considerably. This company, Kudremukh Iron Ore, was formed with the basic intention of utilizing the richly deposited iron ore in that region to fuel the country's very growing steel industry.

The mining boom brought drastic changes to the natural surroundings of Kudremukh. It started showing a reduction in forests of diversified wildlife of that region because over there, the spread of mining activities took place. Streams feeding rivers in and around were diverted to make it easier for the operation of mines, and then flora and fauna in that region began to face setbacks. It became an industrial place by displacing people of that region, including Siddi and other tribes.

Post-Independence and Environmental Awareness

It has been a little over a decade since the country gained independence when, in 1947, the country began industrialization. In the case of Kudremukh, this involved mass exploitation of the natural resources iron ore. The establishment of KIOCL, among others in the region, has substantially added to the region's economic development at the expense of the environment.

By the late 20th century, mining was starting to experience an environmental impact. It began with large-scale deforestation, soil erosion, and destruction of natural habitats. To curb such effects, environmental awareness in India has grown during the 1980s and 1990s and has taken a step in the direction of conservation and protection of natural resources.

Therefore, Kudremukh, with its excellent biodiversity and importance as a part of the Western Ghats, came under the scanner. In 1987, Kudremukh National Park was gazetted officially with the objective of protecting the natural heritage and diverse biodiversity of the region. The Government of India declared the park a biodiversity hotspot and recognized the same for the conservation of the forests and wildlife of the Western Ghats.

The Conservation Movement and the Closure of Mining Activities

The Kudremukh mining operations began receiving criticism in the late 1990s and early 2000s for the impacts being generated on the environment. Locals living in the regional areas, environmental activists, as well as animal welfare volunteers protest against the mining operation taking place within the region. Opposers of the mining claimed that the importance of the Kudremukh region to its ecosystem was such a huge amount that the economic gains produced by the iron ore extraction could never match it.

Kudremukh Today: A Protected Site

Kudremukh is no longer a mining area; it is now a national park and wildlife sanctuary. Kudremukh National Park is located in the Western Ghats. It is the habitat of tigers, leopards, elephants, and the Malabar Hornbill. The flora here consists of tropical evergreen forests, grasslands, and wetlands. Kudremukh is an important area of conservation in southern India.

Recognition of the area as eco-tourism is coming through as trekkers, nature lovers, and wildlife enthusiasts visit the place to explore the area for natural beauty. This brings about the Kudremukh trek, one of the very popular treks that makes trekkers go toward the summit of Kudremukh Peak, which commands an amazing view of all the mountains, forests, and valleys around it. The tourists are taken through lush forests behind streams and waterfalls. They go up to the summit, where they can savour the scenic views of the Western Ghats.

Even though tourism has picked its pace, the government hasn't allowed the place to be exploited in the literal sense. Only a few hundred trekkers have been allowed in the past year in this park, which is showing a learning of eco-friendly practices.

Best Time to Visit:

The ideal period for a visit to Kudremukh is during winter, which falls between the months of October and February. The climate is suitable during these months, which means the temperature ranges from 12°C to 25°C. It is suitable for trekking and any outdoor activities as the temperature cools and the sky becomes clear, making it perfect for trekkers who wish to enjoy the marvellous and wonderful views of the Western Ghats. The winter months are also a good time for viewing wildlife, as the fauna is more active in the relatively cooler climate.

The monsoon season is between June and September. Thus, yet another beautiful aspect of Kudremukh occurs during the same time in the landscape when waterfalls like Hanumana Gundi are at their peak strength. The heavy rain prevents the trails from being walked and explored as the ground can get slippery, which becomes precarious. In addition, heavy mist reduces visibility, thus affecting views and photography.

Summer (March to May) is relatively warm, between 20°C and 35°C. Although less crowded, the high temperature makes it a bit more difficult for trekking, especially for long treks. The summers are still okay for trekking if it is taken early in the day and with adequate hydration.

Highlights of the Trek

The scenic view that can be relished while ascending during the Kudremukh Trek is the best thing. From the top to the valley, you get to see all the Western Ghats. As you climb up to the top, you get to enjoy a wide range of green valleys and distant peaks. Truly breathtaking if seen at sunrise or sunset.

Flora and Fauna: The trek takes one through a mix of tropical evergreen forests, shola grasslands, and forested slopes, replete with a wide variety of flora and fauna. Several species of birds, butterflies, and animals like tigers, leopards, wild boars, and elephants have been spotted by lucky trekkers. Medicinal plants are also in abundance, and trees vary uniquely.

There are many waterfalls on the trek route, and one of them is Hanumana Gundi Falls. The gushing of water down the rocks makes the trek quite refreshing and soothing. It is a great place to rest and enjoy the beauty. Dense Forests and Grasslands: You can take the view of wildlife and enjoy cool shade while passing through dense forests. The trail opens to vast grasslands as you get near the summit, giving views of surrounding hills.

Trek Route

The Kudremukh trek generally takes the route. From Mudbele village, they trek over to forest trails, crossing a lot of streams and waterfalls before reaching the viewpoint. This is an excellent place for resting as it has a view around.

The grasslands: The route takes an upward course on the grasslands, which is described as an area of minimal trees and great views into the country beyond. The area is much steeper and becomes harder in nature as trekkers continue up.

Summit: It is quite exhausting because the final stretch to the summit is steep, but it is worth the trouble. From the top, there are 360-degree views of all the valleys and mountain ranges that surround you. From this point, the Kudremukh Peak view is something special.

Return journey: The return journey is much faster but has to be done very cautiously because of the steepness of the slopes. Most of the trekkers get back the same day or camp close to the bottom and make it back early the following day.

Camp and Stay

A trekker may want to camp beside the base or stay within the forest guesthouses or one of the nearer eco-resorts. It is an immersion into true nature where, during nightfall, the skies are often open to stargazing while sounds of nature are clearly listened in. One must carry a sleeping bag because it cools down during nighttime hours.

There are some basic facilities provided at the base of the trek, but they're scarce. Many trekkers will camp at the base or would like to stay over in Chikmagalur or Mangalore, which are much better-developed towns with varieties of accommodations, ranging from low-cost hotels to luxury resorts.

5. Channarayana Durga

Channarayana Durga is also called Channarayana Fort. The hill fort is situated at a place called Tumkur in the Karnataka region of India. Situated atop a hillock, it is a remarkable site both by virtue of its historical importance and its scenic beauty. With its rugged terrain and scenic surroundings, the fort has made quite a high up as a very popular destination for trekking and history enthusiasts alike. The history of Channarayana Durga is very closely interlinked with the medieval and early modern history of Karnataka. Not too much is known about its origins, but it is supposed to have been built or developed during the 16th or 17th century. It is strategically important because of its location along the trade routes connecting the Deccan Plateau to southern parts of India. A defence point to the local rulers was the fort, which was used to protect against invasion and attacks.

The fort was dated unknown, however, the history shows that the fort comes under different regional dynasties such as the Cholas, Hoysalas, and Marathas. Believed that the fort came under the local chief Channarayana, who named the fort after him. It is said that Channarayana was a chief who served the Vijayanagara Empire in this region during the 14th to 16th centuries. Probably, this fort functioned not only as a military outpost but also as a stronghold guarding the southern domains of the empire during its rule. The most striking historical characteristic of Channarayana Durga is that it was a place of local governance. Since it was an indestructible hill fort, the powers that governed the place ensured that their chiefs, commanders, and their subordinates were kept safe there. Channarayana Durga did not have any crucial battles or sieges in its historical periods. Therefore, during the time of siege, other fortresses in the state were damaged, but this historical location was in good health.

The architecture of Channarayana Durga is typical of the hill forts that were built during the medieval period in southern India. The fort is basically constructed using locally available materials such as stone and granite. No doubt, it is not as big as some of the other large forts present in the same region. However, it is strategically located and designed, making it one of the significant examples of hill fort architecture. Defence of the Fort: The fort consists of natural barriers with the features of steep slopes rocky outcrops, and man-made fortifications. Large stone blocks are used in the making of the walls of the fort, and there are a number of gates that regulate entry into the fort. The largest entrance is flanked by robust walls, leading to a number of narrow pathways that direct people to the location of the fort.

Currently, Channarayana Durga is a significant destination for trekking. The ascend to the fort is moderately strenuous and rewarding too. The path to the top is of tough stairs on rocky pathways with dense undergrowth and even steps leading to the top. This trek will take about 1.5 to 2 hours of actual trekking, depending on one's pace, and it suits someone who loves outdoor activities and reasonably fit ones. When they reach the top, tourists get marvellous views. The countryside is composed of a series of hills, forests, and fields; hence, it is very serene as well as picturesquely beautiful. The fort itself is impressive even in its ruined state, and to go through the ruins of the fortifications, temples, and water tanks makes a good visit.

Channarayana Durga is the embodiment of a historical monument of architectural ingenuity from this region and contains their cultural heritage. This strategically and historically significant location has made it very important for Karnataka's history. Today it stands as a favorite destination for adventure-seekers, history lovers, and those who want to feel connected with the past in the beauty of nature. Whether you go trekking to the top or navigating through the leftovers of the walls, Channarayana Durga promises an experience so unique as it seamlessly weaves adventure with history and spirituality at one single location. This is also one of the known trekking places near Bangalore, and you can visit it during the day and at night. One of the adventurous things you can do at Channarayadurga is you can undertake a trek on the trail up the hill on a night of full moon. The display of natural beauty around you at the top of the mountain will be an enchantment to cherish!

The fort, according to the records, is said to be constructed in the 17th century by the local ruler Channaraya Nayaka; although it is also dated with Cholas, Vijayanagara Empire, and the Marathas. There is a small temple of Lord Shiva at the top, which adds to the site's religious and cultural values. The trek to the fort is very much in vogue among adventure-seekers as well as the trekkers. The Channaraya durga trek is a moderate climb with a rocky terrain, and therefore it is enjoyed by those who look for an adventure more towards the natural world. Dense forests cover the hill on which the fort was constructed. Along with flora, there is also fauna. Photographers and natural walkers can enjoy great scenes from atop the fort. Besides the Shiva temple, the fort area has different inscriptions and stone carvings that hold archaeological interest. Channaraya Durga is a place that will appeal to anyone who would love to explore history, architecture, or nature in tandem. This is the greatest place for history enthusiasts and adventure lovers alike.

BEST TIME TO VISIT:

The best time to visit Channarayadurga is between April and June and between November and March. Meanwhile, the weather is really nice, and the atmosphere turns into a lovely display of ambient colours. From July till October, the hilltop witnesses the rainy season, which must be avoided while visiting Channarayadurga.

TIPS FOR VISITING CHANNARAYADURGA 

The monsoon season is not a good time to visit Channarayadurga, as the wet roads and sloppy trails can be extremely tiring and painful to stand up on, and the geography could be an absolute nightmare to travel through.

Always carry a lot of water to avoid dehydration-related incidents. Make sure that you do not wear very uncomfortable garments and footwear to avoid pain.

Considering the fact that the trail is long, you have to be fit enough for the trek. Exercise and stretching a couple of days in advance may also help. For the night trek, you have to make sure that you have adequate torches and batteries that will be of great use.

HOW TO REACH:

You may take the KSRTC bus from the Bengaluru Kempegowda Bus Station to Tumkur.

From Tumkur, one can take a local bus or a taxi to Gubbi and proceed to the fort base. There are local buses and autos available which can take one from Gubbi town to the base.

The nearest Airport to Channaraya Durga is Kempegowda International Airport in Bengaluru. From there, one can travel to Gubbi and then to the base of the fort. From Gubbi town, auto rickshaws are available to go up to the base. The nearest Major Railway Station is TK Tumkur Railway Station. From there, take a local bus or taxi to Gubbi and then to the base of the fort.

6. Bheemeshwari

Bheemeshwari is one of the most beautiful, quiet places in Karnataka, located beside the banks of the Cauvery River and known for its lush green landscapes, wildlife, and adventure activities. Situated 100 kilometres from Bengaluru, this place can well be considered more of an adventure destination as well as a peace destination. And so is Bheemeshwari - the influential eco-tourism centre in South India replete with lush forests and the Cauvery River flowing through its banks.

History of Bheemeshwari:

Bheemeshwari is connected much to Indian mythology, especially to Mahabharata. It is one of the biggest epics in Hindu literature. According to Mahabharata, the five brothers of Pandav, during their exile for 13 years, moved through various regions. According to some people, Bheema, the strongest of these five brothers, is said to have passed his period in this area. This name "Bheemeshwari" comes, people believe, because he came to this place. Another mythological association of the river Cauvery flows through Bheemeshwari. This river has remained sacred for thousands of years in Hinduism. Sacredness is talked about by the temple and rituals on the bank, but legends of this river add to the richness of the cultural heritage of the area.

Bheemeshwari was once an excellent Cauvery River valley confluence of agriculture and trade activities at the heart of Karnataka. Such fertile lands have been brought under the influence of various South Indian dynasties such as Gangas, Cholas, Hoysalas, and the Vijayanagara Empire. Every one of them has left their own mark in the region. Bheemeshwari forests, with their rich bio-diversity, had already turned out to be a hunting ground for British officials and for the local royalties. Here, the locales had seen plentiful tigers, leopards, and elephants, and thus the place was in great demand by game hunters. These later declined toward the end of the colonial rules as conservation came to the forefront of importance.

Temples and Rituals

The temples of local deities and the major gods Shiva and Vishnu have reflected the Cholas, Hoysalas, and Vijayanagara kings. Here, the rituals are performed mainly around the Cauvery River, which remained unchanged for centuries and preserved a rich cultural heritage.

Cauvery River

Being the lifeline of Bheemeshwari, the Cauvery River has been in the middle of the region's history and culture. It is considered sacred in Hindu tradition and has attached many fairs and rituals to it. The Kaveri Sankramana festival occurs every year, which draws thousands of people to the riverbanks to perform some religious rituals.

Best Time to Visit:

Visitation during the winter, from October to February, would be ideal for a visit to Bheemeshwari. The climate is, of course, very good, between 15° and 25°C, thereby supportive of trekking, fishing, or wildlife trips. There goes much to complement this, along with the lush greenery and the flowing Cauvery River.

It becomes very hot from March to May, at times reaching a peak temperature of 35°C, though it still cools down during the morning and evening periods. It is quite a good time for fishing and other river-related water games, etc.

Extremely heavy fall witnesses during the monsoon season, between June and September. This region turns out to be a complete green paradise. The falls near the Cauvery River get filled with rain, but these falls turn out to be beautiful and peaceful. Trekking is not carried out since the trails are quite slick.

Activities:

Fishing and Angling

Bheemeshwari is known for Mahseer fishing, and anglers from all over the world visit here. It is one of the very few places in which one can see this game fish. Fishing here at Bheemeshwari is a fun affair free from environmental pollutants as it has a strict catch-and-release policy for maintaining the species. The visitors could enjoy the thrill of catching the elusive Mahseer amidst the soothing beauty of the river.

Coracle Rides

The most exclusive and delightful experience in Bheemeshwari is the coracle ride up the Cauvery River. Traditional circular boats present one such great opportunity to go through the waters and provide panoramic views of the surroundings, which are plush green. The coracle ride often goes along with bird spotting and with laced sporadic glimpses of wild animals along the riverbanks. The coracle glides gently along, accompanied by lulling sounds of rivers. It's an unforgettable experience.

Wildlife Observation and Birdwatching

Bheemeshwari lies at the Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary. The flora and fauna are pretty diversified in this region. Several species, including elephants, wild boars, leopards, and deers, can be seen and occasionally even the smooth-coated otters. But it shall truly be a wonder for bird enthusiasts as it accommodates almost over 200 species of birds recorded. Among the other regular visitors, kingfishers and fish eagles, painted storks, and spot-billed pelicans must be the most noted. It is definitely the best time for birdwatching if the sun rises early in the morning or sets late in the evening and gives a window to watch some of the avian beauties of nature in their own habitat.

Trekking and Nature Walks

There are enormous differences in trekking options among trekkers. There are here ranges around Bheemeshwari with some options for trekking around in this region that offer numerous other tracks for novices and avid trekkers alike.

How to Reach:

• By Road: The nearest mode is by car to Bheemeshwari. Kanakapura Road, NH 209, takes about 2.5-3 hours from Bangalore to Bheemeshwari. The road is fabulous and in good condition and offers a wonderful drive through rural Karnataka. Private taxis or rental cars are available too from Bangalore.

• By Bus: A few private and government buses connect Bangalore to the closest town of Kanakapura, and there, one can hire a taxi or get on board a local bus to Bheemeshwari.

• By Train: Nearest Railway station is Bangalore. From here, one may take a taxi or public transportation to reach Bheemeshwari. It takes nearly 2.5 hours of road distance between Bangalore Railway Station and Bheemeshwari.

• By Air: The nearest airport is Kempegowda International Airport in Bangalore, from where taxi or car rentals can be taken to reach Bheemeshwari, which takes nearly 2.5 hours.

7. Hampi

Hampi is that fantasy town speaking for history, mythology, and architectural grandeur. Hampi is a UNESCO Heritage Site. Often, it gives them an insider view of the glorious past of the Vijayanagara Empire, which turns out to be their living museum. Magnificent ruins, capturing landscapes, and cultural significance make it the first preference of history enthusiasts, travellers, and photographers. Here is the complete guide that digs deep into Hampi's history, architecture, and spiritual importance, along with some travelling tips. Whether this is your first visit or your return visit to the ancient town, we would want to capture all of Hampi's timeless appeal.

Hampi is of great spiritual and cultural importance. It boasts of the association with one of the epics of India, Ramayana. It is claimed that this mythological city, Kishkindha, was the place where Lord Rama had his rendezvous with Hanuman, the prince of monkeys. The stories of the cities and the temples, as the visitors here, draw pilgrims and narrators. Hampi also celebrates fairs, among which Hampi Utsav is the principal celebration of cultural and traditional music, dance, and processions because it commemorates the historical heritage of the town.

History of Hampi:

Hampi was of the early medieval period but gained fame in the 14th century as the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire. The Hampi was one of the most developed and well-off empires of India due to its outstanding artistic, cultural, and architectural qualities.

The great emperors of the empire took Hampi as the seat of Harihara and Bukka of the Sangama dynasty in the year 1336. Such a town, Hampi, reached the pinnacle of glory with visionaries like Krishnadevaraya. The attraction towards such a town where people work towards trade, religion, and art were the merchants and scholars of this world. Hampi was seriously defeated by the Battle of Talikota in 1565, and it permitted Deccan Sultanates to plunder and ruin Hampi.

It was kept secret from ages even to nature, that this world forgot it has a place. It is here that the Brits of the 19th century found it before this vast scale of art, and even higher than all levels of excellence is the architecture. Hampi today is a part of UNESCO Heritage sites known by every soul on this earth for its values in heritage and significance in terms of architecture. The monuments are ever-rejuvenated so that they always stand as a testament to the genius and vision of their maker. Hampi ruins today witness its glorious past through about 4,100 hectares, which accommodate more than 1,600 surviving monuments.

Natural Wonders

The rocky and richly textured landscapes offer a beautiful and scenic background of the charm of history. Natural attractions include:

1. Matanga Hill: Matanga Hill is the sunrise and sunset favourite spot where one gets an aerial view of Hampi ruins and the Tungabhadra River. Reaching the top is an adventure for the adventurers.

2. Tungabhadra River: The Tungabhadra River is the lifeline of Hampi, flowing gently along through the town. It has the facility for coracle rides with riverside temples or resting places at its banks.

3. Anjanadri Hill: Looks born Lord Hanuman. This place is both sacred and trekking with great landscape viewscapes.

4. Sanapur Lake: It is a few miles away from Hampi. It is a quiet and quite scenic destination ideal for picnics and swimming too. It has a rocky landscape throughout it.

Best Time to Visit Hampi:

Hampi could be visited during the winter season, from October to February. The climate will range between 15°C to 30°C. It would be easy to walk around the tourist places and historical ruins. It is ideal for trekking, photography, and visiting temples and monuments because the mornings and evenings are cooler.

Hampi Utsav, which occurs mainly in November or January, is a wonderful cultural experience. Traditional music, dances, and processions surely raise a cheer for the great Vijayanagara Empire.

The monsoon period, June to September, makes it look lush green with a weird kind of atmosphere, but heavy showers and landslides might make it a rough journey to travel or explore the place. Summer, March to May, must be avoided as it reaches 40 degrees at times, which is unbearable for outdoor explorations.

8. Sakleshpur

Sakleshpur has a history since ancient periods because it was a part of the tract of Malnad region in Western Ghats that is more famous for dense green forests and wildlife and agricultural land. It was a place along the banks of the Hemavati River and was once a part of the larger empire of Cholas and the Hoysalas. This great empire had ruled over southern India for hundreds of years; unfortunately, very little of the history from this period is available concerning Sakleshpur.

Later on, the city of town came into handy with the full domination in the 12th and 13th centuries for the Hoysalas. The Hoysala dynasty has famous architectural contributions, including many temples inside and outside Sakleshpur. Many of the remaining ones are the same today, exhibiting the features of Hoysala architecture in ornate carvings and sculptures.

Hoysala Dynasty and Sakleshpur

Hoysala, one of the superpowers that ruled parts of the present Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh during the 10th to the 14th century AD timeframe used the strategic Western Ghats as the hub of significance for that age, and one of those primary hubs had there was Sakleshpur to dominate them set out for that era fully with absolute authority Sakleshpur and the neighbouring regions, its expanded jurisdictions.

Because of hills and forests acting as a natural barrier to invading forces, Sakleshpur became an important town. The town served as a trade route that connected the coastal regions to the interior of Karnataka. Among the key things surrounding the place of Sakleshpur was fertile land; it was farmed, and crops like coffee, pepper, and areca nut were produced, making the area rich.

The Impact of Tipu Sultan

It was the era of the tiger of mysore Tipu Sultan, 18th century, Sakleshpur is one of the towns as well as many others which have undergone that era of change and war. The ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore, Tipu Sultan, was valued for his resistance against the British colonial forces. Tipu Sultan had reinforced the defences in the region, which were fortifications and strategic military placements to extend his kingdom and safeguard his territory.

The most visible of these structures is Manjarabad Fort; 20 km from Sakleshpur, it was designed by Tipu Sultan in late 18th century, stood atop a hill; just marvelous is the commanding view of the valleys surrounding. This fort is what one speaks of when talking about regional defence, one reflection of the military prowess and vision of Tipu Sultan. Now, the fort is one of the prominent historical sites and offers scenic views of the Western Ghats. Other crucial chapters of Sakleshpur begin with the entry of the British colonialists in the early 19th century. Britain seized control of the place and, within a very short period, began to influence the economy of the locals through coffee production.

Today, Sakleshpur is a budding town that represents history, culture, and nature. It has emerged as one of the perfect weekend spots from cities like Bangalore and Mangalore, which has ushered in enthusiastic tourists who crave to see the scenic views, coffee plantations, and tranquillity surrounding this place. The history and uniqueness of its culture have attracted more tourists and historians interested in history. Today, Sakleshpur is known for adventure tourism in the region, with trekking spots like Jenukal Hill, Agni Gudda, and Baba Budangiri. Besides, the calmness and beauty of the Hemavati Reservoir, Abbey Falls, and Manjarabad Fort are also the key attractions. Besides this, the town also features to appear as the epicentre of sustainable and environmentally friendly tourism; a lot of coffee estates here have emerged in forming an eco-resort along with homestays which have been presenting hospitality as well as cultural experiences. In addition to tourism, the town has been long strong in agriculture with coffee and spices plantations being the most important areas. The plantation economy is still a part of the landscape of the region as most of the estate owners are still using more traditional and sustainable farming methods.

Activities:

Trekking and Hiking

Sakleshpur is an excellent haven for trekkers and trek routes where one can explore dense forests, rolling hills, and coffee plantations. The well-known trek is;

• Kudremukh Trek: This one is probably one of the famous ones because of a trek through dense forest to the meadow before a gentle climb onto the summit; that offers vistas for panoramas of the western ghat range.

• This Bisle Ghat trek comes easy grade; it helps us traverse biodiversity in this region to view some of the breathtaking waterscape beautifications. This will be packed with great views, dense woods and very rich flora and fauna.

• Nature allows you to soak within yourself while this trek throws at you the beautiful landscapes surrounding Sakleshpur.

One of the best ways of discovering the not-so-well-known beauty of Sakleshpur is by trekking and one will find trails of varied levels.

Coffee Plantation Tours

Sakleshpur is famous for its coffee plantations. On a Sakleshpur tour, a person must surely visit the plantations. In the tour, one gets a notion of how it all works, from the cultivation process to the brewing process, passed on by bean to mug, step by step. With a walk around the estates, you are very much aware of organic farming and you can taste freshly brewed coffee there. You will definitely love this tour as you experience a very peaceful plantation ambience with natural beauty. River Rafting:

River rafting in Bhadra River is also another great adventure activity. It is ideal for newbies as it has very meagre rapids, and it is an adventurous way to experience the sceneries of the lovely surroundings. The thrill of rafting through the rivers with both sides of the hills and dense forests makes it memorable for adventure lovers.

Bird Watching

Sakleshpur is essentially a haven for nature lovers and at the same time a paradise for bird enthusiasts; it covers a variety of ecosystems coupled with its richness in avian population. This region swarms with endemic and migrant birds such as the Malabar Trogon, Indian Cuckoo, species of woodpeckers, etc. Bisle Reserve and the coffee plantations are perfect spots for birds. Birding enthusiasts get to see those creatures in their natural habitat along with the lovely lands.

How to Reach:

• By Road: Many places in Karnataka are accessible by road to Sakleshpur. If you are coming from Bangalore, which is 220 km from the city, then from Bangalore, you take NH 75 towards Sakleshpur, Hassan, and Kunigal. The ride would be for about 5-6 hours and has some beautiful scenery on the way. The distance from Mangalore, 150 km away, will take close to 4 hours on NH 73. Regular service buses connecting major cities of Bangalore, Mangalore Hassan to Sakleshpur operate by both state and private agencies

• By Train: There is a railway station at Sakleshpur, and various cities have trains coming all the way to Sakleshpur. By train, it is almost 5-6 hours from Bangalore, which is some 220 km from the city. Trains from Mangalore, which is about 150 km away, and from Hassan, merely 50 km away, come all the way to Sakleshpur. A journey by train is comfortable as well as scenic. The trains run through the Western Ghats.

• By Air: The nearest airport to Sakleshpur is Mangalore International Airport. It is 150 km from Sakleshpur. You can easily come from Bangalore and Mumbai to the airport. From Mangalore, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach Sakleshpur. You may also fly into Kempegowda International Airport in Bangalore. The distance between Bangalore and Sakleshpur is about 220 km. This can be reached by hiring a taxi or taking a bus.

• By Private Bus: It is also by private car for those who enjoy travelling flexibly and comfortably. The trip is through the hills and coffee estates; if it comes from Bangalore and Mangalore, then just scenic.

9. Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary

The most visited wildlife sanctuary in Wayanad District of Kerala, India, is the Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary. It also forms a part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Many nature lovers photographers, and enthusiasts are here due to the reason that it possesses rich biodiversity and is an excellent landscape along with rare and endangered species seen in their natural habitat. This sanctuary is very rich in flora and fauna and has high ecological value. The types of vegetation found here include dense tropical, moist, deciduous, and semi-evergreen forests. Some of the common trees found here are teak, ebony, sandalwood, and rosewood. Many medicinal plants can be found in this sanctuary. There are many things one can do in this sanctuary. Some of them are quite popular, and some of them are as follows:

One can go on a jeep safari or trek through nature to see the various species both inside and outside the sanctuary. On safaris, one gets to see elephants and tigers along with many more varied wild species close.

• Bird Watching: It has a good number of birds, and for the bird watcher, it gives an adventurous chance.

• Trekking and Hiking: It has trek routes that can take you through scenic trails into the world of wilderness.

• Canoeing: Kabini River has wonderful boat rides or canoeing and a beautiful view of the sanctuary if viewed from the water.

• Camp: There is a provision for all those people who would love to camp here at night in the wild; they can do so in parts of the sanctuary.

This is one of the best times to come around this sanctuary, wintertime from October till the month of May, and the weather is comfortable in that season, so it would be the right scenario to spot wildlife. It is possible to have the road slippery around the months of monsoon, namely, June, July, and September time when the forest gets lush green. Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary is part of India's efforts at conserving wildlife and, by extension, protecting endangered species such as the tiger and Asian elephant. The sanctuary lies within the UNESCO-listed Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve for biological importance and supports ecological balance.

The Kerala Forest Development Corporation keeps the reserve and keeps the integrity of the ecosystem of the reserve. Conservation of the reserve, preventing the practice of poaching, replenishment of the habitats and ecotourism fall on the list of their management. Wayanad is believed to have had intact forests and fertile land previously when it had come strategically between Kerala and Karnataka. This has been the abode for centuries for the indigenous tribes, like the Paniyas, Kurumas, and the Ooralis, who could live based on the survival system offered by the forests and their richness. They have evolved techniques for non-destructive hunting and gathering in order to stay at such lands. Their incorporation into nature has made it to be such a very important area from the standpoint of ecology.

This land was already occupied by the large Kingdom of Mysore in the ancient and medieval ages. In the 18th century, also it had been the land of kings Mysore Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan, who used to be very fond of keeping intact natural treasures areas. It was, however, in the 20th century when the history of this refugee site became a place to conserve nature. It further developed and extended in the 1990s. With the level of conservation, it went higher and thus caught the attention of the government and the Wildlife Institute of India. With modern techniques of wildlife monitoring along with better infrastructures such as eco-tourism facilities, people's awareness of biodiversity becomes high. It became a model for wildlife conservation not only in Kerala but all across the country.

Today, it is one of the most important protected areas of India, with a beautiful natural landscape and significant ecological importance. The sanctuary falls under the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, which is a large area part of an ecological region of rare and endangered species. Wayanad itself is an area of thriving wilderness, and the sanctuary has played a critical role in the protection of habitats for many animals. Continuous efforts made this place a hub for successful tourist destinations for those interested in eco-tourism and wildlife safaris. This region, with its rich history, has now developed as a landmark for conservation because it conserves both its cultural heritage of indigenous people and the natural heritage of endangered species of India.

How to Reach:

• By Air: The nearest airport is Calicut International Airport, approximately 65 km from the sanctuary. You can take a taxi or bus there, and it should take you around 1.5 to 2 hours. For people flying in from very far places, Bangalore International Airport will be around 230 km.

• By Train: The Nearest Railway Station, Kozhikode Railway Station (CKE) is 65 km from the sanctuary. From here, one can get a taxi or bus, and it will take almost 1.5 to 2 hours to reach the sanctuary. The other railway station is Mysore, which is around 100 km from Wayanad.

• By Bus: Regular buses are available from Kozhikode, Mysore and Bangalore to Wayanad. From Kozhikode, it covers 65 km; nearly 100 km, which roughly speaks of 1.5 to 2.5 hours to the Wayanad.

It is highly accessible by road, where roads are particularly well-designed highways, including Bangalore at 230 km, Mysore at 100 km, and Kozhikode at approximately 65km. You may even travel by taxi or your own vehicle up to this reserve.

10. Dandeli

History/Story:

Just like every Indian town, Dandeli moves like a silent brook all into the most ancient of eras. It is said even that it forms part of the Kadamba Dynasty who have reigned over the place of over 4th and to 6th century A D. It is even believed that such of those Kadambas, that begin a kingdom, had made some significant contributions to the local culture and architecture. Many of these rulers have built temples and other structures. Even though nothing of the old past is visible anymore, the early history dates back to when the larger unit was established, which is the Western Ghats and the Kingdoms that this region has been. Till the British colonial period, this area was almost completely a forest region. Huge-scale development work was taking place in this location at that time. Such forests of Dandeli hold great importance in exploiting this location as a timber-generating ground. Teak and numerous other species were plentiful in this location.

Under British colonization, the forests of Dandeli were one very major formation basis that dominated the business of timbers. The forests fell into the hands of the British East India Company, who then continued to venture, experimenting with these wealthy natural resource deposits into their territory. The economic development in Dandeli so was such that it made its timber -specifically, teak- such an enormous demand with its land transformed to be the prime product with which the soil abounds with tremendous timbers for building the structures for infrastructure work done during British rule.

This region was developed during the British era by the construction of roads and railways. Dandeli is relatively close to major towns like Hubli, Panaji, Goa, and Karwar; hence, it has emerged as an important transit place for transporting timber and other products. During the early 20th century, when sawmills entered the scene in Dandeli, immigration from several regions formed a very important phase of the development of the town. This industry brought with it higher trade, a population boom, and steadier economic gain to the region. There, with the independence of India from foreign lands by gaining full possession from England through direct operations back in 1947, their industrial importance mainly continued along with timber. The Dandeli Paper Mills, established in the early 1960s, are still among the older Indian paper mills. Such a phenomenon marked a huge milestone on behalf of the economic advancements of this region. And more industrial diversification than just in timber changed Dandeli.

The very notable activity of it has been its establishment of the year Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary. Along with the flora and fauna, it made very rich, and the number of animals protected as of 1956 entered into the history books of that town. thereafter, this place became an epic point for nature-loving people of wildlife. Apart from all the contributions, it is developed about the economy as today the eco-tourism undertaken has already added a good portion into building it. This place was established as a sanctuary, so virgin forest and wildlife that would be encountered in this region must be left intact mainly. Dandeli slowly, though slowly, entered the public eye during the last couple of decades due to varied biological diversity ranging from elephants and tigers and leopards to sloth bears besides different varieties of birds. Thus, this nature tourism tour, jungle safari travels, trekking, and river rafting will all market this specific place as a mass tourism destination.

Dandeli has emerged in the past decades as one of the top tourist destinations. It has attracted people to see its rich wildlife and breathtakingly beautiful natural sceneries, but now it is also due to adventure sports the place has in store. Kali River passes by Dandeli, and over time, it has developed its reputation concerning white-water rafting prospects. White water rafting could accompany the adventurous games of eco-tourism - trekking, zip line, kayaking, etc. Dandeli, in spite of its great popularity, has maintained all the natural beauty this place owns within it. As a result of it, this place never underwent commercialization, a factor that commonly happens when tourism comes to the destination. Here, instead, maximum emphasis was provided to sustainable eco-tourism, and so this town managed to preserve all the flora and fauna here with them as it permitted the audience to enjoy its beauty through its scenic charm. With time, this small town, Dandeli, which was lesser known earlier, has gained much importance and therefore, more conservations are provided to preserve the fragile flora and fauna present here.

Adventure Activities

It is the adventure sports hub-Dandeli. Good opportunities are present there for white water rafting in the Kali River, which yet stands to be a valid reason why thrice people visit the place. Varieties of rapids are available on it, from soft and easy to thrilling ones, particularly for experts. Among the adventures, done include activities:

• Trekking: There are several trekking trails that pass through the forests and hills of Dandeli. Rich biodiversity can be explored, including landscape views.

• Zip-lining: it is a kind of adventure that is done in some adventure camps of Dandeli. Zip-lining offers a thrilling ride above the forest canopy.

• Kayaking and Canoeing: Kayaking and canoeing are done in the Kali River.

• Jeep safaris: this can be hired for passing through the Dandeli Wildlife Sanctuary to see the wild at their natural habitats

• Cycling: a bicycle can be taken because amenities are available on trails passing through the forests

How To Reach Dandeli :

• By Road: Dandeli has good road connectivity to major Karnataka cities and other neighbouring states. Dandeli is about 460 km from Bengaluru and some 125 km from Goa. One can go by bus taxi, or private vehicle.

• By Train: The nearest railway station is Alnavar Junction. This is at an approximate distance of 30 kilometres from Dandeli. Alnavar is also conveniently accessible to the city like Goa and Bangalore. A taxi or a local bus will take you from there to Dandeli.

• By Air: The nearest airport to Dandeli is Goa International Airport, Dabolim. It is 90 kilometres away. Alternatively, one can even take a flight to Hubli Airport, which is 60 kilometres away from Dandeli.

11. Kodachadri

This has emerged as one of the most beautiful and one of the more adventurous tracks located in Karnataka's Western Ghats, promising something alive for both nature lovers and adventurers and photographers alike. It finds itself within this picturesque hill that is part of Kodachadri Peak and is inside the heart of Mookambika Wildlife Sanctuary of the district Udupi. The highest peak in the Mookambika range is Kodachadri, which stands at 1,343 meters or 4,406 feet. From here, one can see the vast panoramic view of dense forests, valleys, waterfalls, and the sea along the Arabian coastline.

It holds a good history apart from the ideal trek which is always promising to deliver that. Be it any type of trekker, whether a seasoned one or just beginning, Kodachadri has always ensured one some spectacular, memorable moments- all diversities in the lands, colourful and diverse floras and faunas, with complete silence and wilderness of the wild.

About the Kodachadri Trek:

All these come under some of the most beautiful treks: lush green surroundings, misty mountains, dense forests, waterfalls, and a clear view from the top-all the luxuries in Kodachadri Trek. It is well suited for the starters' first trek and ideal for the experienced also. This goes through wilderness, grasslands, rocks, and even streams for a good mix of terrains and nature Of course, there is something about the view from Kodachadri Peak itself that forms an essential part of the trek. On a clear day, it treats the trekker to broad vistas of the Arabian Sea in the west and the temple of Mookambika to the north, along with the valley and hills on all sides formed by the lush green Western Ghats.

This trek holds much cultural and religious importance because at the foot of this mountain is the Mookambika Temple, dedicated to the goddess Mookambika, where many pilgrims come and visit the temple along with the trek to the top.

Trek Route and Difficulty

The Kodachadri trek generally takes two days, right from the base village Hidlumane, up to the top. Here is how the general route of the trek goes:

Day 1: Hidlumane to Kodachadri Peak

The trekking trail begins from the village at the bottom, Hidlumane, which is about 20 km from the nearest city Kollur. Then comes a dense forest; inside, one can study and see quite a lot of flora and fauna. Beautiful waterfalls come into view as one proceeds in this trek, one such example is Hidlumane Waterfalls that's an apt rest stop and rejuvenation point. Then it becomes major rocky terrain with thick foliage, then climbing to the top of Kodachadri.

Indeed, big challenges lie ahead for the treks going up. Their climbs are too long, and the trails are much too narrow to be tested by most trekkers in their patience and endurance. Still, that effort would well be worth the view on top that can be fantastic beyond words.

Day 2: Kodachadri Peak to Base Village (Hidlumane) 

The downhill is no less thrilling than going up. The patches of forests need to be passed down to the base, and along the way, more streams and waterfalls need to be crossed alongside grassy meadows to cross over.

Most of the trekkers prefer coming down by noon time so that they reach back to the base village, rest themselves, and freshen up after the trek. This moderately scaled trek still has places where one should feel tested undoubtedly; such heights combined with unpredictive weather are clearly the most suitable here. Strong bodily fitness, together with preparation, shall be advisable in advance of the ascent.

Access towards Kodachadri

The hill station is some 20 kilometres from the town of Kollur, which is rather easily accessible by road to all the major cities of Karnataka. Normally, one would start this trek from the Hidlumane village; access by road is made easy from Kollur. Here is how you might get to Kodachadri:

Road Route: The road route to Kodachadri is accessible. The nearest town is Kollur. It is about 115 km away from Mangalore, 65 km from Udupi and 400 km from Bangalore cities and can be approached by bus or taxi or a private vehicle to Kollur. From the town of Kollur, one can reach the Hidlumane village by local bus, by private jeep and, in fact, by hike. End. If you are visiting by road, then you would cover the base village by Mangalore-Kollur highway as well as some other roads with the help of which roads touch the trailhead.

How to Reach:

• By Train: The nearest railway stations are in Mangalore and Udupi. There are such railway networks that cater to cities at a regular pace of trains. From any station, you may obtain a bus or a taxi to travel to Kollur and to the base village thereafter.

• By Air: The nearest airport to Kodachadri is Mangalore International Airport, 120 km away from Kodachadri. From the airport, you may hire a taxi or take a bus up to Kollur.

Best Time to Visit Kodachadri

It depends on which kind of experience you are searching for: your kind of adventure or enjoyment.

Winter: October to March, it is winter. One of the prime times to trek to Kodachadri; cool and pleasurable days occur during this season, and it stands at 15°C to 25°C over here. Usually, bright skies are to be seen. So fine views are available to be seen atop. Trails are drier also in this time, thus trekking becomes even easier with pleasurable journeys to be made.

Monsoon: June to September. Though the place looks lush green during monsoon, heavy rainfall creates a nuisance for the trekker. The sceneries are just beautiful, and the places look so verdant during the season, but treks during this time are difficult due to slippery trails, rise in water level in streams, and reduced visibility. Still, if you like monsoon vibes and do not mind getting wet a little, then it's all worth it.

Summer (April to June): While it makes the whole region hot and warm with maximum temperature reaching 35°C, walking in the sun becomes unbearable for treks, especially during the days, but goes early or late afternoon or even morning gives a great and wonderful experience as vegetation is also relatively dry while streams and waterfalls are nowhere near as nice as during monsoon.

12. Nagarahole National Park

Known colloquially as Rajiv Gandhi National Park, the Nagarhole National Park is one of the finest places for a wildlife reserve in Kodagu and the districts of Karnataka. It is part of a very high-profile entity called the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve; it is very well known for its biodiversity and has tigers, elephants, leopards, and many bird species. Even though the park is rather popular for its safaris and wildlife, it offers an adventurous experience in trekking through its dense forest and landscape. Along with well-developed safari trails, it provides an excellent experience of trekking for adventure enthusiasts to have an up-close look at nature.

The best experience of trekking within the park by foot is being offered by Nagarhole National Park to experience and feel the real wilderness of the park up close. It offers a great chance for nature and adventure lovers with rolling hills, dense forests, rivers, and viewpoints. This trek was within Nagarhole; you could even have a sight of some exquisite flora and fauna of the park and, of course, reach out to some natural surroundings which cannot be undertaken in a jeep.

Important Trekking Trails of Nagarhole.

Kabini Trekking trail: The Kabini River flowing in the park provides a major allure for trekking enthusiasts. It presents a trail for trekkers along riverbanks where one can identify wildlife. Among the most often-used trekker trails within this park is the Kabini Trek. A mixed lot of animals say an elephant and a deer and a wild boar and tigers too, may pass upon one in luck of the draw, beautifully different kinds of trees and birds within the walking park by its trails. It is pretty apt for nature lovers, and anyone looking to pass a few days without clocking out could be pretty enlightened by sipping the peaceful nectar in and around the environs.

Fantastic trekking routes through core areas cover forests and hills. It can take you right inside the park to the core of the sanctuary for great spotting of wildlife and panoramic views of the entire park. This is good because the terrain takes up both easy and moderate climbs, which do both the challenge and appreciation of the beauty of the sanctuary. Normally, the trekking trails are managed and guided for trekkers to learn of the park's ecosystem, their conservation efforts, and flora and fauna from the naturalists themselves.

Bamboo Grove Trek: The trek that anyone can easily make, as long as the environment is rather pretty and generally peaceable. The path carries many species like elephants and primates to cross and observes several birds and small mammals for which the counts go up even on its undergrowth from bamboo grooves. This is indeed a very great walk for a forest lover and almost a lonely affair in the view from the leafy canopy of the bamboo.

River Side Trek: It's a fairly silent yet riveting trek through the park. The same can be initiated from the Kabini region of the park and would be enjoyed most during the early morning or late afternoon when the wildlife is at its peak. A glimpse of crossing elephants could be visible during this trek, or one could be able to witness them basking from the riverbanks. Birdwatching is very rare along the riverside and often finds kingfishers, herons, and other waterfowl.

Trekking Difficulty Level and Duration:

The treks in Nagarhole National Park fall under the easy and complex category, which can be trekked. Most trails were pretty easy for newbies or even those with family members who have young children, while others were relatively moderate by any standards, given that there was the steep climb up some of the mountains, coupled with dense jungle treks across this region. Treks take between two hours up to an overnight depending on which route is being used.

Short Treks: 3-4 hours Duration These treks are just short of a slothful meander along forest tracks where wild animals can even be a possibility while on the way. As such, generally speaking, it will take only a few hours for the Kabini River trek or for the trek to Bamboo Grove.

Long treks (5-6 hours): For the more adventurous, there are much longer treks into the very heart of the park, allowing much greater depth of exploration and many more opportunities for wildlife spotting. This could include the Wildlife Sanctuary Trek or any of the viewpoint treks, which offer spectacular views of landscapes within the park.

Overnight Treks: Some agencies and resorts here offer overnight trekking packages, where the participants can stay overnight inside the park or in adjacent areas in an eco-camp. The usual overnight camping under the open sky happens with a guide naturalist leading and giving an almost authentic wildlife experience.

While trekking here at Nagarhole is exhilarating, it is most strongly recommended that you take along with you a local guide who may make you much better appreciate both the territory and the wildlife. Undoubtedly, there will be so many animals and birds that are easily overlooked in the wild; such an informed guide may acquaint you with those important observations regarding the park's biodiversity and ecology. Some of the trails you will be trekking on are a little awkward, but you will certainly have a guide to remind you to tread safely most of the time, especially while passing through such thick shrub covers and other steep inclines.

Wildlife Encounter Treks

You also catch a glimpse of wildlife at Nagarhole while trekking when participants may chance on a collection of other types of animals besides:

The Asian elephants are the chief attractions in this park; so the former treks on trekking trails inside and around it mainly and the Kabini River.

Tigers and Leopards: Though these big cats evade eyeballs to the maximum extent possible, tigers and leopards are said to be inside this park, too. Very rarely do they venture out into the human being's visual spectrum; however, during a trek, one has a little scope to trace footsteps and then gets a vision, too.

Sloth Bears, Wild Dogs, and Indian Bison can be sighted easily with a walk into the inner reaches of the park and other forests. Thus, this tour allows the visitor the opportunity to observe these species within their very own habits.

Bird watching: It is said that more than 270 species of birds have been spotted in this park. The spotted birds are the Malabar Trogon, the Great Hornbill, and the Crested Serpent Eagle. All these species can only be effectively viewed through a slow trekking trip through the park.

Best Time to Trek in Nagarhole

The best trek seasons in Nagarhole National Park are November and February, when the time is cold and dry, ideal to come out. Temperature ranges from 15°C to 25°C. It is considered to be one of the best periods for observing wildlife because animals normally get active at cool and gentle times.

Summer months, March to May can get really hot during mid-day times when the sun reaches a temperature of about 35 degrees. Also, it is an excellent time when the weather favours it in its early mornings and also late afternoons by the afternoon for the best treks.

June to September: This is the period of monsoon when rainy conditions, along with slippiness and hardship, cause the trekking trails. However, a trekker who doesn't mind rain can enjoy the lush greenery and flowing streams of the otherwise hazardous climate.

How to Reach Nagarhole National Park

The big cities like Mysore, Bangalore, and Mangalore provide road, rail, and air connectivity to this area. And here's the way one can reach the location:

• By Air: The nearest airport is Mysore Airport, which is located 80 km from this destination. The Bangalore International Airport is nearly 220 km.

• By Rail: The nearest railway station to Nagarhole is Mysore Railway Station that is located nearly about 80 km.

• By Road: Nagarhole is ra oad accessible from Mysore and Bangalore. Bus and taxi services are readily available for this park.

13.  Kemmangundi

It lies amidst the beautiful mountain ranges of Chikmagalur, accompanied by western Ghats near Karnataka. A flow of water runs from the elevation side by absolute richness in the density forest that presents an attractive climate for visiting, and this even invites anybody on board by inviting within the eyes of cameras who approach. It has very few exposures to this kind of sheer variety, as well as such dramatic aspects and loads of such treasures. Yet, it would arrive at a majestic vision of this rolling hill within that ravishingly green valley.

About the Trek to Kemmangundi 

It is a hill station known as Kemmangundi, at an altitude of 1,434 meters or 4,705 feet. The place has been a haven for trekkers who would want a quiet view of the Western Ghats. It is a small town that comes with wide panoramic views over the hills, valleys, and lush greens that lead to the great trekking destination and nature walk.

Also, it is because of various trails through which one needs to tread while they happen to be in their sojourn, as the person has all the chances to choose the one that pleases them the most. The sheer volume of trails of Kemmangundi finally ends up being that very one, which leaves the trekker's experience of meeting with dense forest on one end and wide grassy mead with magnificent vistas on the other. Thousands of trails love the region so much that it is home to a vast number of birds, plants, and animals in the species.

Trekking Trails in Kemmangundi

Z-Point Trek. Such heavily rigorous treks, which can also be downloadable from this web, would be in their own type but not that much weight- A z-Point trek will bring a person towards some amazing points and scenery-visible serials of hills, valleys, and forestry environments. This continues with comparatively heavier forest-land country. It is only from that geography and at that point that trekkers would find such brilliant sounds of nature sceneries. This steepest of them all makes one forget it ever goes steeply up to the end. Views from the top are as beautiful as any description of natural beauty can be. Memories of views from the top of Kemmangundi Hills, Bababudangiri, and the Hebbe Falls come back to mind.

• Time taken: around 3-4 hours one way

• Moderate to difficult

• Approx 5-6 km one way.

Hebbe Falls Trek Hebbe Falls is 8 km from Kemmangundi and another place worth going to hike in the region. Coffee plantations, dense forest, and boulders finally bring the trekker to Hebb Falls - two-tiered of about 168 m height waterfalls. This is an ideal spot to laze around after a refreshing trek in cool and misty ambience.

• Duration: 2-3 hours (one side)

• Difficulty level: Medium

• Distance: 8 km; one side

One can stretch the trek as much as one can towards the topmost peak of Karnataka, which is Mullayanagiri from Kemmangundi. Though the Mullayanagiri trek is started from somewhere else in Sirimane-for the more daredevil kinds of trekkers, the confluence of Kemmangundi and Mullayanagiri makes it just a more thrill activity per se. A tad bit longer than the usual views of some waterfalls, some coffee plantations and views.

• Duration of travel: 7-8 hours, side

• Grade-Tough

• Distance: 18-20 km on one side on the most popular route best time for trek to Kemmangundi

Winters are the best time to visit Kemmangundi for trekking or any other adventure since from October up to February, the time is too cool and welcoming with a range of temperature between 15°C to 25°C, which becomes an absolutely perfect time to venture out for some outdoor activity like trekking.

Summer: It is very hot in summertime, but one can easily trek along when it gets warm during morning hours or the afternoon when it is not that hot.

Monsoon (June to September): It rains everywhere in the region; thus, all the trekking routes are in full flow. Thus, the entire trek becomes very risky because it might be very slippery at certain places. A lot of lush greenery and waterfalls; however, it is not advisable for you to come and trek during this monsoon period; if you still wish to come and trek in this monsoon, then be careful and prepare.

How to Reach Kemmangundi 

Kemmangundi is well connected with cities; precisely, they are Bangalore, Chikmagalur and Mangalore. The nearest town to Kemmangundi is Chikmagalur; in itself, that is something like an entry or a gateway, for that matter area. These are some of the procedures you might consider so to get to Kemmangundi.

• By Air: The nearest airport to Kemmangundi is Mangalore International Airport; Kemmangundi is about 150 Km from the destination of the airport. From the airport: One can hire a Taxi from the airport or a bus from Mangalore to the destination, Kemmungudi.

• By Train: The nearest railhead is at Chikmagalur, 35 km from here. Rail connectivity is quite easily accessible in cities like Bangalore, Mangalore, etc. Taxis or a bus can be taken from the station to get here.

• By Road: It is very well connected to Bangalore, Mangalore, and Chikmagalur on roads about 250, 150, and 35 kms respectively. From the above-mentioned places, you would easily be able to find plenty of buses from there to travel towards Chikmagalur. 

You may hire a taxicab or local bus from Chikmagalur to get to Kemmangundi. Though you may come down an excellent road up to Kemmangundi much of the scene had to be watched.

Things to Remember while Trekking in Kemmangundi:

Fitness Level: The treks available here range from medium levels to difficult levels. So be sure you have the enough fitness level to take on those. You are a beginner. Try to do the easy treks first, then move ahead and take on the most difficult trek in this destination, known as Z-Point Trek.

For instance, when you are a foreigner, you are required to hire a local guide here so that he may be in a position to allow you to come hiking here; he will make it possible to penetrate the trails, ensure security, and also make it worthwhile by exposing you to the native flora and fauna.

Climatic condition: It generates sometimes hard situations while trekking towards a higher altitude. Kemmangundi happens to be the wild trail where we need to trek up at higher altitude areas. It lets people relax on all the water lumps behind the trekkers, where they place lots of creams for the sun and put in light jacketing.

Flora and Fauna: The site to be visited is a habitation of both mixed flora as well as fauna. All of the flora could be seen through different forms, numerous birds and butterflies, among many other little creatures. So, with animals being quite accessible to every corner, one should not even have a stomach for touching or moving out one as excessive precautions are required to make that pain through none.

It facilitates: some trekking trails in some forest reserves require a special type of permit. Please find out from your local authorities or trekker operator if a permit is required.

14. Bandipur

Bandipur National Park is one of the prominent wildlife sanctuaries in the district of Chamarajanagar, Karnataka. This is some portion of the reserve of Nilgiri Biosphere and thus turns out to be one of the richest biodiversity zones of India. It is set at the borders of the Western Ghats, where there is dense flora and fauna-thonging tigers, elephants, and leopards. Though more popularly known for the safaris and wildlife viewings, trekking in Bandipur gives something deeply adventurous to adventure seekers by walking into the park.

This trek can bring you deep into the wild. One might also enjoy scintillating views as well as up-close views of wildlife which enhance one's understanding and love for those creatures as well as for nature. The area comprising Bandipur National Park has dry deciduous forests and moist evergreen woodlands, among others, that account for about 874 square kilometres. It was formerly the Maharaja of Mysore's hunting ground. Since there was extreme biodiversity concerning the fauna species in that place, this has become a national park since 1974. It also lies under the category of a UNESCO World Heritage Site that comes within the realm of Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and merges its boundaries with the other great sanctuaries, including the likes of Nagarhole National Park, Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary and Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary.

The best known and prominent among all population animals in Bandipur are Indian tigers, Asian elephants, and leopards; however, other fauna comprises sloth bears, sambar deer, spotted deer, wild boar, and gaur, the Indian bison. Birds make it important, with more than 200 species like Indian peafowl, hornbills, and several species of raptors. Though safaris have been the most famous medium of exploration in Bandipur, trekking provides an intimately close relation with nature in the process of exploration in which a visitor can walk through different landscapes of Bandipur and examine flora and fauna close up. The protection and safety treks are in the care of the authority of the forest in Bandipur.

Bandipur Trekking Trails

There are many trekking trails in Bandipur National Park through which the trekker can witness the natural beauty, varied landscape, and wildlife of the region. The trekking is done in small groups accompanied by the experienced naturalist and forest guides. Some of the popular trekking trails of Bandipur are as follows:

The short trek. Bandipur offers short treks that take you actually by the heart through the dense heart of the woods. It actually gives scope to see rich vegetation and many wild animals moving around in beautiful natural surroundings. This is one of the treks that range through many ecosystems-from open grasslands to dense forests, which can be suitable for a beginner with a probability of spotting spotted deer, langurs, and elephants.

• Time Taken 3-4 hours

• Grade Difficulty Easy to medium

• Distance Covered Approximately 4-5 kilometer

Muthanga Wildlife Sanctuary Trek: Despite the fact that the section of Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary happens to be part of Kerala State of India, the wildlife sanctuary is located just next door to the adjacent border state Karnataka. Nearly forms a constituent part of the Andipur-muthanga Elephant corridor. This trek is excellent for studying all the different varieties of flora and fauna in the park and varied forms of land such as grasslands, forests, and wetlands. It might take you to places where wild elephants and tigers have often been reported. A trek around the Uthanga Range is appropriate for those in search of more experience of the wild.

• Duration: 5-6 hours

• Difficulty Level: Moderate

• Distance: About 10-12 kilometers

• Major Features Elephant view, diversified flora and fauna, beautiful landscape

Gundlupet to Bandipur Trek It is one of the longest and most arduous treks in this state. It runs from the Gundlupet town and beyond into the peripherals and core zone areas of the Bandipur National Park. This is one of the better treks for more experienced trekkers, for you get the opportunity to trek through dense forests, cross multiple streams, and observe the more important wildlife: tigers, elephants, and leopards, among others. It traverses through all possible kinds of land types seen here; these vary from grasslands to forested hill areas with fantastic panoramic views of the entire park.

• Duration: 6-8 hours

• Difficult

• 12-15 km

• Fabulous wildlife sight, challenging track, excellent views

Sunset Trek For the ones who do not have a lot of time but are equally adventurous to indulge in the natural wonder of Bandipur, here is a sunset trek for them to watch the grandeur of Bandipur at its finest. It covers the trek in about 2-3 hours and is very well planned so that it would take one to a very high point in time before the sun goes down. There, you would enjoy fantastic vistas of the park as the sun moves behind the Western Ghats. The wildlife would be on its more active self in the relatively cooler hours of the evening during the trek.

• Duration: 2-3 hours

• Distance: About 3 km

• Sun Sunsets, wildlife and peace.

• Wildlife and Flora on the Trail

The great feature of the Bandipur National Park trek is that you can see various species of wild animals on your way. Now, surely you cannot predict that an animal cannot be spotted anywhere, but certain species could pretty much dependably be spotted along the trails. Excellent views of hundreds of elephants are both early mornings and late afternoons, very frequent and unobscured by trekking.

Tigers and Leopards: This species is seldom seen, though often its tracks and scat appear before the trekker's eyes. A part of the Bandipur as such is more intrinsic to this sanctuary, where it was launched first as an initiative of Project Tiger across the most fruitful regions in the country where it has been possible to spot a tiger.

Deer: There are lots of species of deer, such as sambar and chital, which can be easily found here used to roaming around in open areas and in water bodies to search for food.

Wild Boar: Wild Boars are very easily found in grassland and thick forests as well

Birdlife: Bird enthusiast heaven with 200 more varied types of species available, They even have hornbills, eagles, vultures peacocks etc.

Flora: The region has widespread dry deciduous forests, along with patches of scrub jungle and grasslands and moister evergreen forest. The tree species here are mostly sandalwood, teak, rosewood, and bamboo.

The Best Time for Trekking Bandipur 

October to February are the best times to visit Bandipur. In these months, it is cool and dry with a minimum of 15°C to maximum 25°C, making all outdoor activities, such as trekking, very comfortable.

Summer: March to May is warm but still easy for day hikes. At this time of the year, most of the animals have gathered at water sources, making your chance of spotting some game relatively higher.

Monsoon (June to September): The rains during this part of the year are too intense. It is very slippery while trekking due to the rainy showers. It is not really a good travel time, although the landscapes look great as the green during this time.

How to Reach Bandipur:

It can be accessed through roads from major cities in Karnataka as well as from all the states that border Karnataka. The closest town to Bandipur is Gundlupet, which is 12 km away from the national park. This is how one can reach Bandipur:

• By Air: The nearest airport from the destination, Mysore, lies at a distance of 80 km. And Bangalore International is 220 km away. Further, one would be able to obtain a taxi there, it goes to Bandipur.

• By Train: The Nearest Railway Station is 80 km from the destination, which is towards Mysore. You might be able to find the tax there, also, a number of buses drive till Bandipur.

• By Road: Bandipur has good road connectivity to cities like Bangalore- around 220 kilometres, Mysore- approximately 80 kilometres and Ooty - 50 kilometres from here. Available Buses, Taxis are connecting cities to park. Options of road travelling by reaching the adjacent regions by an easy good highway road.

15. Kabini

This extremely pure area falls in the south end of the Indian peninsula, and, yes, this area is very famously known as a place that welcomes nature lovers and wildlife lovers as well. This place's beauty is due to lush landscapes in this area, rich diversity in this region, and, aside from these, the Kabini River. This is located in Karnataka, which forms part of the great Nagarhole National Park of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. This is actually one of the most sought-after wildlife sanctuaries in India and brings to the fore a beautiful confluence of flora, fauna, and serenity to those hoping to connect with nature.

Kabini holds historical importance since it was formerly the private hunting ground of the Wodeyar Dynasty of Mysore. This place was eventually developed as a national park to conserve wildlife and its scenic beauty. Nowadays, Kabini has become one of the most touristy places in India for Eco-tourism and Wildlife photography. Kabini is extremely rich in its biodiversity. Many species of flora and fauna exist in this sanctuary, though some of them exist as endemic species in the Western Ghats and Nilgiri Hills. Mostly the first dominating varieties are Teak, Sandalwood, bamboo, and rosewood; besides these, medicinal plants are mainly dominating the ecosystem of this region along with aquatic plants, while other varieties of plants dominate the herbivores as well as carnivores that enter different directions in the given region.

This park and the Kabini area carry tremendous wildlife. This region constitutes the major locations that come under the umbrella of India's project for tiger conservation. The population of tigers, leopards, and wild dogs or dholes has maintained a healthy figure in the park. But the most commonly sought-after viewings of the animals in this park are related to the Royal Bengal Tigers. Large herds of elephants are also seen on the river banks, majorly during the dry season when they come to drink water. Kabini is also an elephant corridor. The best time for visiting Kabini would be in the winter, November to March. It's cool and dry, and the probabilities of wildlife sightings around the sources are high. Among the high-in-demand experiences is the boat safari of the Kabini River since boat rides will afford tourists the gentle and serene gliding that can give them a glimpse along the riverbanks of animals in a manner seldom exposed. This ride is very conducive to bird watching, as quite a number of different bird species could be spied around the river. Apart from the above safari treks, nature walks, and bird-watching tours held here, other activities in and around the Kabini River and forests are conducted. Also, it is very popularly known as a photo safari, wherein wildlife photographers get a chance to take snaps of wildlife in its natural habitats.

Kabini is one of the areas under Nagarhole National Park, and it is also a part of the protection efforts regarding biodiversity conservation in Western Ghats. Among several protected habitats, like landscapes from Bandipur and Mudumalai, it is in this very national park that finds a part of a robust body, conserving species such as the Bengal Tiger, Asian Elephant, and Indian Bison, among other species. These organizations and government initiatives have been working to reduce human-wildlife conflict and, in turn, have protected the habitats within the sanctuary along with promoting eco-tourism. Kabini is a place to experience the beautiful wilderness of southern India. From the rich flora and fauna to the sheer beauty of the Kabini River, this region makes for an excellent destination for nature lovers, photographers, and wildlife enthusiasts. Whether it is the observation of elephants along the river, spotting a tiger in the dense forests, or simply the serenity of the wilderness, Kabini is the place that offers both adventure and serenity. Kabini is renowned for its wildlife and scenic landscape, yet it beautifully still preserved the natural beauty of it and, therefore, is one of the best wildlife destinations in India. Kabini will continue to be that jewel in India's natural heritage as eco-tourism continues to increase and be conserved.

How to Reach:

Kabini is well connected with all the major cities in Karnataka and even the neighbouring states:

• By Air: The nearest airport is Mysore Airport at 60 km, but only connectively linked. Convenience lies with Kempegowda International Airport in Bangalore, 220 km.

• By Train: The nearest railway station is Kabini Railway Station; however, most of the trains come to Mysore and Hampi. Mysore is 60 km from Kabini.

It is relatively easily accessible by road from other cities; besides, regular buses and private vehicles are also available from such cities. Kabini would take approximately 4-5 hours of road journey from Bangalore.

16. Hogenakkal Falls

Best Time to Visit Hogenakkal

The best time to visit Hogenakkal Waterfalls is between October and March. It does not get too hot during these months. It is a comfortable time for tourist activities. The temperatures range between 15°C and 30°C during these months and are thus good for sightseeing and other outdoor excursions. Cool weather permits boating, trekking, and picnicking. It is peak tourist season, so more facilities are available to visitors.

The other best time for the monsoons is from June to September when one can witness the grandeur of the waterfalls. Such heavy falls will establish a high flow of water; therefore, the look of these waterfalls must be majestic and eye-catching. The falling of water gives an atmosphere of misty mystery in the surroundings. This season is truly dangerous for cruising and sometimes even endangers the activities being carried out in boating. A number of routes and activities will be shut down because of the amount of water.

Summers from April to June aren't so great because it goes up to 40°C. Although it would be lesser water flow, the falls wouldn't be dramatic during the time of monsoons, it would attract fewer tourists there and peaceful to spend some quality time. It may be the perfect time when the summer season falls. It would be somewhat less crowded if one needed solitary time and could tolerate a little hot temperature.

Hence, the best time to visit Hogenakkal is between the months of October to March, but if one wishes to see this place at its splendour of glory, then the rainy season also has something up its sleeve.

How to Reach Hogenakkal

Hence, it is very well connected by road, rail, as well, and air so that Hogenakkal is accessible easily for all and sundry visitor who traverses through each and every city of India. And here comes the way that could reach Hogenakkal,

By Air:

The closest Kempegowda International Airport is there to Bengaluru-Bangalore, which is a little bit away from there, 180 KM. It is easily accessible to other countries by reaching all the prominent cities of the Indian subcontinent. You can hire a taxi or take a cab from Bengaluru for private traveling to Hogenakkal. The distance is about 3.5 to 4 hours, depending upon the traffic condition. The route is scenic because you see the views while approaching the falls, and hence the journey would be pleasurable.

By Train:

Nearest Railway Station: The closest railway station is Dharmapuri. It is 46 kilometres from Hogenakkal. Dharmapuri offers very good connectivity to Bengaluru, Chennai, and Coimbatore. Hence, rather often, it proves to be quite a reasonable means of travelling by train. For the purpose of reaching Hogenakkal taxi or bus may be booked from Dharmapuri.

By Road:

Road Connectivity: This place can be accessed through road connectivity. The highway facility connecting this place to other nearby cities is good. You could drive here in a span of approximately 3-4 hours from Bengaluru on the NH44 highway. Also, buses from Bengaluru as well as Chennai are available. Hence, it is quite economical as a source of transport for budget tourists. You can also take local transport from Dharmapuri to reach Hogenakkal, but it may take longer.

This scenic route is great for all the driving lovers. The scenery is so delightful and charming: rolling countryside, farms, and small villages. But it is not just a treat for the driving enthusiasts; it opens the eyes of the visitor to the culture and lifestyle in southern India.

Boating Experience at Hogenakkal

Boating at Hogenakkal Waterfalls is perhaps the most adventurous experience a tourist can enjoy here. Here, he gets the chance to tread close to roaring waterfalls, cross the Kaveri River and enjoy the spectacular natural beauty pervading this region. There are two rides here - a traditional coracle ride and a speed boat ride, which gives two totally different views of the falls.

Coracle Boat Ride

Perhaps the most direct experience among many happening at Hogenakkal is the coracle boat rides. They are the locally traditional round boats made of bamboo and leaves of palm trees. These fisherfolk gently steer the boat through the waves of the turbulent river, whose currents are so powerful and strong. End. The boat picks up speed as you approach the falls. The mist of the waterfall encircles you. It thereby makes the air magical. It carries people towards falls, such that one manages to view a fantastic splashing of waters towards stones. Closeness to falls is an exciting experience since cascaded sounds of water are filled into the air.

It appears that the most thrilling one is the coracle ride, so you are taken close and close enough, whereby the boatman skillfully manoeuvres his boat close to the falls, giving you an impression of sitting a few feet away from the impact zone of the water. Sometimes, the mist from the falls can create such an impression as if in a dream.

Speed Boat Ride

More adrenaline is encountered by those individuals who enjoy such an experience while taking this speed boat ride. These kinds of boats move at a fast speed and marvellously against the coracles. The feeling of racing the river at that height with the waterfalls of the surroundings provides something different. It will take them approximately anywhere between 15 to 20 minutes, and visitors will find a thrillingly yet relatively safe way in which to navigate through the rapids of the river and its related sceneries.

The speed boat will take you even deeper into the river further distance, and this gives you other perspectives on how the falls should look. The splashing of the waters with the passage of the rush boat through the currents only increases it in adventures, which are ideal for adventure lovers.

Boating Season

There is boating up to March that is safer compared to the navigational levels, while the weather and the outdoor situation are also easier. Boating is suspended throughout the monsoon season, ranging from June until September, owing to the peak and dangerous waters. The turbulent currents of this river during monsoon times made boating unsafe around the area, so it would have to be adjusted if you ever want to explore these rides.

Boating at Hogenakkal cannot be avoided in a tour of this area. The coracle ride, with the silent experience of the real thing, is the best; though the speedboat ride is very good for one who wants to have some adventure. Anyways, the beauty of the falls and beautiful nature left everyone with good memories.

Trekking and Activities at Hogenakkal

Apart from boating, there are many other activities that tourists from Hogenakkal can indulge in, which include immersion experiences in nature's beauty. This includes activities, for example, trekking apart from boating and others. Visitors come to see and live in the natural ambience and take a trek into the surrounding forest and rocky surface. Such facilities offer different treks for the amusement of trekkers.

Trekking Trails

Dense forests surround Hogenakkal, offer excellent treks, and hence have become an attraction that must be visited. It is not very difficult in terms of demanding treks; they take one through some fantastic stretches of nature, and the beauty of falls, as well as the Kaveri River, can easily be beheld from vantage points en route. The trekking routes would take one through waterfalls, riverbanks, and dense forests providing a great scenario for a nature lover to get isolated within such an enchanting surrounding.

The best time to trek Hogenakkal is from October to March because the climate is cooler and relatively more pleasant. Trekking during the rainy season is dangerous because the tracks are slippery, and the water levels are higher, so it is better not to trek during the rainy season.

Fishing and Photography

Hogenakkal is a good fishing area. One can see local fishermen throwing their nets in the river. Not something that the tourists in general would want to do, some might even want to sit and watch or even join the locals in fishing. Photography is another pretty hobby; actually, there are just such miracles of opportunities to get some simply fantastic shots at the waterfall and landscapes as well, especially in the morning or evening hours. light is simply marvellous.

Local Culture

The people also like to visit the nearby villages of Hogenakkal. It houses both Tamil and Kannada language people, though the local villagers have their rural markets and crafts of handicrafts, dress materials, etc. So, one can learn quite a lot regarding culture, historical aspects, and traditions from the same place, too.

17. Kabbaldurga

Kabbaldurga is one of those hill forts that are still small in size. Since it was also one of the watchtowers, this fort was built ages ago. But the hill fort has not seen the years. There is a mix of nature and history, as well as the adventure of trekking to reach the top of Kabbaldurga. The trail leads towards the summit to welcome the crowd with the scenery of the surrounding countryside as well as of the nearby hills. The very hard and rocky trail, still marked by greenery, goes toward the summit.

The major attraction of the trek goes straight to the fort at the summit of Kabbaldurga. Although most of the fort structure is destroyed, the remains of the watchtower and the view from the top did not discourage the trekkers and history enthusiasts. It is also of slight spiritual importance, as there exists a small Lord Shiva-temple near the peak. This often accompanying adventure with serenity does indeed make it a trekker's very regular weekend stop in Bangalore more likely and obviously further.

Kabbaldurga Trail

The Kabbaldurga Trek is roughly a moderate trek that can be completed within a few hours. It is not that commercialized as compared to many other trekking trails that exist in the region. However, the trail is pretty well-defined, and one would find it to be quite exciting. It starts from the bottom of a hill. This hillock is almost opposite to the small village Kabbalu, after which the name of the hillock has been borrowed. The tarmac road connecting the foot of hills is car and bike accessible starting from Ramanagara or Bangalore. There is a small shrine to Lord Shiva while approaching the feet.

The way up: The hike to the summit in Kabbaldurga goes steeply over time and gets steep as it reaches the crest. Broad clear paths traverse shrubbery and rocky terrain throughout most of the first part of the trek. As you climb, the path narrows with climbing slightly steeper and features a mix of boulders and uneven rocks. There are small intervals of shade along the route, but enough water is suggested to bring for the trekkers.

Rocky Terrain: It is this rocky section going towards the top that leads up to the fort that makes this trek interesting. Overboulder climbs and steeple inroads are of the day order. It is at this part of the trek the rocky terrain is challenging and thrilling since you are forced to take careful steps in choosing one over the other.

You will be able to see all of Ramanagara, Bangalore, and parts of the Western Ghats. As one reaches atop, one might easily see around the hills on the surrounding territories, especially that towards Savanadurga and Bilikal Rangaswamy Betta hill; the sight is absolutely ravishing. Towards the top are the remnants of the fort itself, along with some stone structures and remnants that point toward the strategic nature of the importance of the fort in times bygone. There is also a small Shiva temple at the top, which most trekkers spend some time off and take to reflect upon once they get there.

The Descent: The trail down to Kabbaldurga from the top would take almost 1-2 hours. He has to be cautious while descending as it's a rugged landscape with uneven steps. He must move very slowly and cautiously so that he may enjoy going down and not face any danger.

Distance and Duration of the Trek

• Distance: The total distance traversed by this Kabbaldurga trek is almost 4-5 kilometres on one side

• Time: It will take about 2-3 hours to reach the top and 1-2 hours to come down. Overall, the whole trek can be completed in 3-4 hours or sometimes even shorter, depending on speed and the frequency of breaks

• Difficulty Level: The Kabbaldurga Trek is moderately challenging, so it would be suitable for both first-timers and more seasoned trekkers. 

The trek is not long, but there are some really steep stretches and sharp rocks are plenty at such places. Still, it is possible for the average-fit people if proper precautions are taken, especially over the rocky stretches. The additional adventure of hiking from the rocky land, as well as a narrow path close to the top, is very rewarding.

Best Time to Trek Kabbaldurga:

The months between October to March can be termed as best for trekking to Kabbaldurga as it is moderately cool. The temperatures of these months are mild enough and can be comfortably tolerated outside. November to February can also be chosen as the best time as the climate is good enough and one can easily get clear views from the top.

Summer (March to June): The region can be much hotter than usual during the summer season. It can get very hot during the day sometimes. Best avoided are afternoons and early mornings or trek late in the evening.

Monsoon (July to September): Although the time is beautiful with reviving rains and thick greenery, it makes the treks highly slippery and uneven. Heavily rain would not be suitable for Kabbaldurga as landslides along with accident situations generally occur in the place.

How to Reach Kabbaldurga

Kabbaldurga is 60 km from Bangalore and 15 km from Ramanagara. You can easily reach this place on the road. Here is how you could get to the base of the trek.

• From Bangalore: From Bangalore, you will be driving toward Mysore Road (NH 275). Reach Ramanagara and further ahead toward Kabbalu Village. The base of the trek is there. The drive from Bangalore is around 1.5-2 hours.

• From Ramanagara: Taxi or local vehicle to Kabbalu village.

• By Public Transport: A bus facility is available from Bangalore to Ramanagara and continuing to Kabbalu Village, which is not that easy to reach since it has got a readily available option with the private transport mode. A taxi or a car may be utilised to reach the base.

18. Tadiandamol

Tadiandamol Trek: Coorg, Karnataka Tadiandamol reaches 5,735 ft. or 1,748 meters. Coorg's third-highest mountain, by offering scenery in the middle with a full spread of luxuriant landscapes, forms a try of going high onto biodiversity. So for adventure enthusiasts trekking around the nature-photographers- trekkers, it is really an adventure journey for taking on South India Trek tours

Tadiandamol overview:

It is one of the most beautiful treks done. It includes dense forests, grasslands, and rolling hills. It has magnificent views of the western ghats, coffee plantations, valleys, and distant peaks for those exhilarated by this interesting adventure of climbing steep ascents over forest trails and open grasslands, offering endless opportunities to capture glimpses of wildlife and panoramic views across the trail to the summit of Tadiandamol. This is a relatively small trek to the Tadiandamol Trek. Due to this reason only, it stands as a middle level of toughness trail for which such large treks come down to complete this short experience here. Such diverse landscapes along with this trek were never witnessed for any tourist visiting there looking at leaving his pictures without clicking trekking tour on it.

The Tadiandamol Trek has quite definite defined trails along with a landscape variation. Let's take a look at what one can enjoy at this trekking trail, The starting point is taken from the foot of Naladi village, which is positioned 35 km away from the Coorg district headquarters. A base camp will serve as an accumulating point to collect all trekkers together to ascend at Tadiandamol summation. There are quite a few homestays with guesthouses for accommodation, which is very basic since the base is usually not that developed. You get your guide there in case you are going to have one to help you with your trek.

This is the beginning part of the trekking, which passes through high upgrowth of dense forests of coffee plantations; it runs on a covered track of forest shaded by tall hedges of other shrubs, and ferns; the forest builds habitat for most of its species of wild beings along with highly numerous birds; thus, trekkers often meet several wild creatures besides some of the voices. Mostly smooth during the first half, but then it really gains steam in uneven patches as you climb. Water-crossings with little rugged rocks make exciting portions of the hike that is a very challenging trail-the rich vegetative cover assists in appreciating a brisk nosh of fresh air.

End In open grasslands and meadows, you see wide vistas across the woods. Maybe the most panoramic view is actually where you walk into the countryside hills and valleys. The beauty of the Western Ghats will be just wonderfully breathtakingly beautiful when there is a mist covering it or complete sunshine. It changes from an open grassy field to a thick forest cover and bush to reach the leading point on your way on this trail. It is really a pretty ragged and stony uphill stretch that takes you toward the summit in this final leg of the trail. This requires some real exertion and stamina since the path hasn't been all that smooth as far as this final stretch went; you have to jump over boulders and debris. Scenic but can't be paved.

Tadiandamol Highlight: Obvious from very broad horizon scenes at the summit of Coorg district, Kabbe Hills and Raja Seat and distance peaks like Pushpagiri and Kote Betta. Though one sees them through clear-weather conditions, the misty scenic view of these peaks is not only picturesque but bewitching. It marks the summit with small stones-an ideal resting place amidst nature's beauties for any trekkers, a good snacking place with numerous rests before and after for its beautiful rest halt.

Descending: It glides down on the same track after spending some time at the top. Descending is not as time-consuming as climbing up, and in rocky areas, one has to take care not to slip as it is slippery conditions. It takes around 2-3 hours to reach the starting point.

Distance covered

• Distance: It covers around 8-10 kilometres with a detour of the route at any chosen trail while ascending as well as descending on this trek to Tadiandamol

• Time: Generally, it takes 5 to 6 hours to the summit, but the descent time is about 3 to 4 hours, and therefore, the total time taken is from 8 to 10 hours the complete, it is a day trek

• Trekking difficulty level: The level of the Tadiandamol trek is moderate. This one suits the persons having average fitness. Overall, it has been a somewhat smooth forest trek in the starting half and, finally, a pretty rocky and steep one. 

Therefore, the best time for the Tadiandamol Trek would be within the relatively cool months of October to March, during which weather turns out quite amazing with clear skied, normal temperatures averaging pretty comfortable values along with humidity in pretty low values ranges between 15°C to 25°C.

Summer (April to June): The climate at Coorg becomes too hot during the summer season. Climbing here becomes very difficult during the summer season. Due to the humid climate, the trek becomes very tough; therefore, the trekkers must start as early as in the morning so that they can avoid the midday heat.

Monsoon: The scenes will be of greenish colours from July to September and simultaneously very slippery for trekking. Do not trek when heavy rains since chances are there for landslides and slipping over rocks.

How to Reach Tadiandamol

Tadiandamol near Kushalnagar, Coorg District, Karnataka. This is how you can reach the base of the trek:

• By Air: You can fly there. The nearest airport to Tadiandamol from Mangalore is 140-kilometer-distant from Coorg. From this airport, a taxi or Bus can be arranged to reach Madikeri or Kushal Nagar, which is the nearest town to that hilly place- Tadiandamol.

• By Train: You can even reach by train up to the station, Mysore Railway Station is 120km from Coorg. Then you hire a taxi from the station or take a bus to Madikeri, where you will actually begin your trek.

• By Road: Coorg is well connected with the major cities of Karnataka: Bangalore, Mysore, and Mangalore. You can either drive down to Madikeri or Kushalnagar in your personal vehicle or else take a bus from Bangalore at a distance of 260 km. From there, you can hire a taxi or auto to the base of the Tadiandamol trek.